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The hair cuticle acts as a barrier against fungal infection, which occurs only deep within the hair follicle.

Misdiagnosis led to permanent hair loss, stressing the need for proper scalp tests.

Olorofim effectively treats fungal skin infections.

Better training and awareness are needed to properly diagnose and treat tinea favosa in immigrant populations.

Two newborns with rare skin infections were successfully treated with antifungal cream.

TRICHONEM™ hair wash powder effectively treats dandruff and promotes hair growth.

Rosemary may help treat various skin conditions due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Nanomaterials can improve hair care products and treatments, including hair loss and alopecia, by enhancing stability and safety, and allowing controlled release of compounds, but their safety in cosmetics needs more understanding.

Tioconazole cream is highly effective and easy to use for treating sheep dermatophytosis.

Zinc is crucial for skin health and treating various skin disorders.

Local healers in Addis Ababa use 81 medicinal plants, mainly from the Asteraceae family, to treat skin and general diseases, with Echinops kebericho being an endangered plant important in their practices.

The chapter explains common scalp conditions, including infections, infestations, and tumors.

Testosterone therapy improves physical function, strength, and body composition in older men with low testosterone levels.

Memory T cells in the skin balance staying put and moving into the blood, clustering around hair follicles, and increasing in number after infection.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Controlled delivery of specific RNA and IL-4 restored hair growth in mice with autoimmune alopecia.

An imbalance between certain immune cells is linked to a chronic skin condition and may be influenced by obesity, smoking, and autoimmune issues.

People with alopecia areata have more Th17 cells and fewer Treg cells, which may be key to the condition's development.

FOXN1 gene variants cause low T cells and immune issues from birth.

Hair follicle cells help protect against immune attacks by regulating T-cell activity.

CD8+ T cells are involved in alopecia areata and may cause disease relapse.

Androgens may influence T cells, contributing to higher autoimmune liver disease risk in women.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia is linked to increased immune system activity and reduced stem cells, suggesting early treatment targeting this pathway might prevent hair follicle damage.

Activating Notch in adult skin causes T cells and neural crest cells to gather, leading to skin issues.

Patients with Alopecia areata have fewer specific immune cells that normally regulate the immune system, which may contribute to the condition.

ICL is a condition with low CD4+ T cells like AIDS but not caused by HIV, and normal CD4+ T cell counts may vary between men and women.

Finasteride caused a rare skin rash in a man, which improved after stopping the medication.

Diffuse alopecia areata involves more inflammation and higher allergy-related antibodies than patchy types.

The study's results on the effectiveness of low-dose IL-2 for alopecia areata and its impact on immune cells were not provided.

T-cells in alopecia areata scalp show abnormal regulation, leading to less inflammation.