182 citations
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December 2007 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” This study demonstrated that hair follicles significantly expedite the absorption of caffeine through the skin compared to interfollicular pathways.
March 2018 in “Vìsnik farmacìï” This study identified flavonoids and phytosterols in a medicated cosmetic cream developed for androgenic alopecia and proposed methods for their identification and quantification.
58 citations
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November 2013 in “Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences” This review discusses the development and application of multiphoton microscopy in dermatology, highlighting its advantages and potential future research directions without reporting new clinical results.
151 citations
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July 2011 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” This review discusses various strategies to enhance drug delivery through the skin barrier, highlighting liposomes as promising carriers for increased dermal concentrations in topical therapies, but reports no new research results.
October 2023 in “arXiv (Cornell University)” This study investigated the ability of a human hair keratin dimer to absorb the pollutants diclofenac and perfluorobutane sulfonate, finding high binding affinities that suggest potential for hair-derived materials in water filtration technologies.
74 citations
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June 2010 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” This study found that hair follicles are a significant and efficient pathway for the absorption of topical minoxidil foam in humans, with faster blood detection when follicles are open.
January 2025 in “Revista Vitae” In this study, researchers found that 2 out of 9 analyzed cosmetic hair growth products contained the banned substance minoxidil, demonstrating the presence of this antihypertensive drug in some cosmetics despite regulations.
12 citations
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March 2012 in “ATLA. Alternatives to laboratory animals” This study found that caffeine and flufenamic acid penetrated porcine skin more effectively through hair follicles, while the importance of the follicular pathway varied for other substances tested.
22 citations
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January 1968 in “THE JOURNAL OF VITAMINOLOGY” This study found that α-tocopheryl acetate is well absorbed through healthy skin, with absorption occurring through specific pathways and showing high affinity for small blood vessels.
19 citations
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March 2011 in “Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology” Some chemicals absorbed through the skin can cause serious health problems.
June 2026 in “HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)” This infographic compares the safety profiles of SH‑1, a cosmetic ingredient, which showed no systemic absorption, and PP405, an investigational drug with dose-dependent systemic uptake and potential threshold breaches, highlighting differences in safety between cosmetic and investigational substances according to this report.
December 2023 in “The journal of physical chemistry. B (1997 : Online)” This study explored the potential of human hair keratin as a filtration material, finding that it may effectively absorb the pollutants diclofenac and perfluorobutanesulfonate. The researchers reported significant binding affinities through molecular simulations, supporting further investigation into keratin's use for water purification.
125 citations
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September 2001 in “The FASEB Journal” This study demonstrated that stress inhibited hair growth in mice, likely through substance P-dependent activation of immune cells, highlighting a brain-hair follicle connection.
10 citations
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July 2021 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This study reported that larger caffeine nanocrystals, at 694 nm, increased caffeine bioavailability via transfollicular penetration compared to smaller nanocrystals, especially in long-term serum concentration measurements.
4 citations
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August 2023 in “Italian Journal of Food Science” This study found that pretreatment combining maceration with press-shear force and moist heat significantly increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents in galactagogue herbs like banana inflorescences and Thai ginger.
January 2025 in “American Journal of Medical and Clinical Research & Reviews” In this literature review, potential health risks of toxic chemicals commonly found in cosmetic products were linked to issues such as cancer, reproductive abnormalities, and skin diseases, highlighting concerns over ingredients like talc, parabens, and phthalates.
15 citations
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October 2021 in “Frontiers in Pharmacology” This commentary discusses the potential of natural volatiles in medical aromatherapy, highlighting their ability to synergize with other drugs and modulate biological processes, but reports no new results.
3 citations
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April 2015 in “International research journal of pharmacy” This study concluded that the follicular route is a significant pathway for delivering gentamicin through the skin, as demonstrated by higher drug permeation in non-plugged pig's ear skin compared to plugged skin.
48 citations
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April 2019 in “ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces” In this study, researchers introduced calcium carbonate-based carriers for transdermal drug delivery, observing efficient transport of substances and systemic absorption in rats, suggesting potential applications in regenerative medicine and dermatology beyond conventional topical treatments.
5 citations
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January 2021 in “Journal of Saudi Chemical Society” This study analyzed watercress oil and confirmed its phytochemical profile, UV absorption properties, and potential efficacy for hair growth, supporting traditional hot oil applications.
October 2022 in “Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences” The researchers reported that caprylic acid effectively enhances the permeability and diffusion of minoxidil through rat skin compared to other penetration enhancers.
3 citations
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January 2013 in “Journal of cosmetics, dermatological sciences and applications” This study found that the new HCC additive enhances the permeation of pigments and active ingredients into hair, suggesting potential use in developing functional cosmetic hair products.
February 2024 in “Current Drug Delivery” In this study, researchers developed an emulgel formulation containing minoxidil for hair growth, using chitosan and fucoidan as gelling agents, achieving controlled drug release with 99.7% released by the 12th hour.
8 citations
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December 2024 in “Frontiers in Medicine” In this study, different treatments on ex vivo skin models effectively simulated varying levels of skin damage, demonstrating the value of these models in testing skin repair products and studying how a compromised skin barrier affects viral penetration.
37 citations
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January 2015 in “Science Journal of Public Health” This abstract reviews potential health risks from toxic chemicals in cosmetic products, noting associations with cancer, reproductive issues, and other health conditions, but reports no new research findings.
9 citations
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October 1946 in “Experimental biology and medicine” This study reported that supplementation with inositol, biotin, cystine, or methionine prevented hair loss in rats fed soybean oil meal, with cystine and methionine also significantly increasing growth rates.
5 citations
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January 1964 in “Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology” Iodine is absorbed by hair just below the skin surface.
3 citations
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September 1989 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that methyl nonanoate and methyl caprate significantly enhanced the skin penetration of minoxidil compared to solutions with other common enhancers like Azone, DMSO, or DEET.
282 citations
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April 2007 in “Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry” This study found that apple polyphenol extract, particularly oligomeric procyanidins, inhibited pancreatic lipase activity and reduced triglyceride absorption in both mice and humans.
22 citations
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June 2005 in “Clinical Oncology” This case report documents an instance of symptomatic hypothyroidism developing in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma after beginning treatment with orlistat.