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Molecular diagnostics help identify genetic defects causing endocrine diseases, improving diagnosis and treatment options.

The vitamin D receptor is involved in multiple body functions beyond calcium regulation, including immune response and rapid reactions not related to gene activity.

Hormones control keratin production in skin and hair.

Natural 5α-reduced glucocorticoids might be anti-inflammatory with fewer side effects than current options.

Mutations in certain receptors can cause diseases and offer new treatment options.

Hair steroid measurement is an effective method to diagnose and monitor CAH in developing countries.

Sex hormones affect hair growth and loss, and treatments for related hair diseases include various medications, hair transplantation, and light therapy.

Higher testosterone harms sperm motility, while higher estradiol improves sperm survival.

Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.

The vitamin D receptor has many roles in the body beyond managing calcium, affecting the immune system, hair growth, muscles, fat, bone marrow, and cancer cells.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

C60 fullerenes can alter protein function and may help develop new disease inhibitors.

Androgens can both stimulate and cause hair loss, and understanding their effects is key to treating hair disorders.

Cholesterol sulfate buildup due to a genetic mutation disrupts the skin barrier, leading to the scaling skin seen in X-linked ichthyosis.

The document concludes that for hair and feather growth, it's better to target the environment around stem cells than the cells themselves.

SHBG may be a useful early indicator and treatment target for PCOS.

Men are more likely to get infectious skin diseases, while women are more prone to autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, influenced by biological and environmental factors.

High testosterone to epitestosterone ratio in hair could predict male-pattern baldness.

New methods to make oxasteroids show promise for medical treatments like osteoporosis and breast cancer.

Antiandrogens have important biological effects, but more research is needed to understand them fully and compare their effectiveness and side effects to other treatments.

Cholesterol balance is important for hair health, and problems with it can lead to hair loss conditions.

Androgenic steroids can slow down or stop the growth of certain skin fungi.

The document concludes that PCOS has a strong genetic component, but more research is needed to fully understand the specific genes involved.

Hormone imbalances can cause skin diseases, and understanding these links is important for diagnosis and treatment.

Adrenal glands delay the start of winter fur growth in mink.

Genetic defects in the glucocorticoid receptor gene can cause conditions with abnormal sensitivity to stress hormones, and other factors may also affect this sensitivity.

Men are more likely to have severe respiratory viral infections like COVID-19 due to hormonal and genetic differences, while women generally have stronger immune responses.

Male C57BL/6 mice show age-related fluctuations in certain hormones and their ratios in both blood and hair.

Many potential alopecia treatments need more testing to confirm they promote acceptable hair growth with minimal side effects.