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The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Male and female skin differ due to hormones, affecting conditions like hair loss, acne, and skin cancer, and suggesting a need for gender-specific treatments.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Lampreys have a functional vitamin D receptor that may help detoxify harmful substances.

Finasteride may cause slight depression and anxiety.

Oxidative stress affects hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia.

All-trans retinoic acid causes hair loss by increasing TGF-β2 in hair follicle cells.

Minoxidil and finasteride effectively treat hair loss.

Hair follicle regeneration needs special conditions and young cells.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

A new gene, JMJD1C, may affect testosterone levels in men.

Prostate cancer prevention includes diet changes, supplements, and medications, with more answers expected soon.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

Zinc can both inhibit and stimulate mouse hair growth, and might help recover hair after chemotherapy.

Lower levels of certain brain chemicals are linked to worse PTSD symptoms in men.

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

Acne significantly affects mental health and quality of life, with research suggesting hormonal and genetic factors in its development and emphasizing early treatment to prevent scarring.

Key genes are crucial for Drosophila wing development and could be insecticide targets.

Edible seeds from the Cucurbitaceae family like pumpkin and watermelon seeds are nutritious and may have health benefits, but eating too much can cause side effects.

Possible new treatments for common hair loss include drugs, stem cells, and improved transplants.

Hair diversity is influenced by complex genetics and environmental factors, requiring more research for practical solutions.

Progesterone boosts alcohol's effect on brain, finasteride counters it.

Female pattern hair loss has unclear causes, possibly involving genetics, hormones, and environment, and needs better treatments.