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Glossary Stemness

ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialized cells

Stemness refers to the unique properties that define a stem cell, including its ability to self-renew (make copies of itself) and differentiate (develop into different types of specialized cells). This concept is crucial in both developmental biology and regenerative medicine, as it underpins the potential of stem cells to repair or replace damaged tissues, including hair follicles in cases of alopecia.

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research Stretching the limits: from homeostasis to stem cell plasticity in wound healing and cancer

124 citations , February 2018 in “Nature Reviews Genetics”

This review covers recent findings on stem cell plasticity under normal and cancerous conditions but presents no new experimental results, highlighting implications for regenerative medicine and cancer treatments.

research The Senescence–Stemness Alliance – A Cancer-Hijacked Regeneration Principle

68 citations , September 2018 in “Trends in Cell Biology”

This review discusses the senescence–stemness connection in cellular biology and reports no new findings, highlighting implications for both tissue repair and aggressive cancer behavior.

research Two Opposing Faces of Retinoic Acid: Induction of Stemness or Induction of Differentiation Depending on Cell-Type

41 citations , October 2019 in “Biomolecules”

This review highlights the role of all-trans retinoic acid in regulating stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation, suggesting its potential to enhance treatments in regenerative medicine and cancer.

research Multiomics global landscape of stemness-related gene clusters in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

13 citations , July 2020 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study identified a comprehensive global landscape of stemness-related gene clusters in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, revealing that stemness was highest in cells from young donors and lowest in those from elderly donors.

Aged Differentiated Cells Reverse Into Native Stemness-Like State By Niche Cytokines To Sustain Lifelong Homeostasis And Tissue Repair

research Aged differentiated cells reverse into native stemness-like state by niche cytokines to sustain lifelong homeostasis and tissue repair

April 2026 in “Nature Communications”

This study found that dedifferentiated corneal epithelial cells can revert to a stem-cell-like state, aiding tissue homeostasis and repair, with this plasticity limited to the epithelial lineage and enhanced by niche-derived cytokines.

research Stem cell identification-in vivo lineage analysis versus in vitro isolation and clonal expansion

17 citations , March 2012 in “The Journal of Pathology”

This article argues that lineage labeling with genetic markers is the gold standard for identifying epithelial stem cells, contrary to the view that in vitro methods alone are sufficient.

research Hair follicle stem cells: Walking the maze

165 citations , June 2007 in “European Journal of Cell Biology”

This review discusses the various stem cell populations associated with hair follicles and their potential in regenerative medicine, highlighting differences between murine and human hair follicles but reports no new clinical results.

research Mesothelial Stem Cells and Stromal Vascular Fraction for Skin Rejuvenation

11 citations , August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America”

This study reviewed the prospects and challenges of using stem cells from adipose tissue in regenerative medicine for facial rejuvenation, emphasizing the need for further research to ensure patient safety before these methods can become routine in cosmetic and reconstructive surgery.

research Transcriptional Control of Epidermal Stem Cells

4 citations , January 2013 in “Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology”

This article reviews mammalian skin epidermis as a model for studying stem cell regulation, noting the utility of in vitro and ex vivo platforms, but it reports no new empirical findings.

Human Skin Stem Cells and the Aging Process

research Human skin stem cells and the ageing process

143 citations , September 2008 in “Experimental gerontology”

This review discusses the diverse roles and characteristics of epidermal and dermal stem cells in skin regeneration and aging, highlighting their potential applications in regenerative medicine and reports no new clinical results.

research Epidermal Development in Mammals: Key Regulators, Signals from Beneath, and Stem Cells

83 citations , May 2013 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences”

This review explores embryonic epidermal development and discusses key molecular regulators and roles of the sub-epidermal mesenchyme, but reports no new experimental results.

LncRNA PlncRNA-1 Regulates Proliferation and Differentiation of Hair Follicle Stem Cells Through TGF-β1-Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signal Pathway

research LncRNA PlncRNA‑1 regulates proliferation and differentiation of hair follicle stem cells through TGF‑β1‑mediated Wnt/β‑catenin signal pathway

25 citations , November 2017 in “Molecular Medicine Reports”

This study found that PlncRNA‑1 may enhance the proliferation and differentiation of hair follicle stem cells by upregulating the TGF‑β1-mediated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Activation of TLR3 Enhances Stemness and Immunomodulatory Properties of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

research Activation of TLR3 Enhance Stemness and Immunomodulatory Properties of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs)

3 citations , December 2016 in “Springer eBooks”

This study found that activating Toll-like receptor 3 in periodontal ligament stem cells enhanced their stem cell and immunosuppressive properties, potentially supporting effective periodontal tissue regeneration.

research Comparative analysis of stemness between dermal papilla cells and human dermalstem/progenitor cells

April 2025 in “Cellular and Molecular Biology”

This study found that human dermal stem/progenitor cells demonstrated greater proliferation and differentiation potential than hair follicle dermal papilla cells, which showed increased expression of hair regeneration markers.

research Effects of MRI on Stemness Properties of Wharton’s Jelly Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

November 2021 in “Research Square (Research Square)”

This study observed that MRI treatment increased expression of stemness-related genes and colony formation in umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells without affecting viability or apoptosis, suggesting enhanced quality for therapeutic use.

research p63: a crucial player in epithelial stemness regulation

54 citations , October 2023 in “Oncogene”

In this review, the researchers detailed how the p63 transcription factor influences epithelial stem cell activities such as self-renewal, differentiation, and proliferation, highlighting the role of TAp63 and ΔNp63 isoforms in both normal tissue development and cancer pathogenesis.

research Novel in vitro culture condition improves the stemness of human dermal stem/progenitor cells

18 citations , November 2013 in “Molecules and Cells”

This study found that a novel 3D in vitro culture condition improved stemness markers and proliferation potential in human dermal stem/progenitor cells compared to traditional 2D methods.

research Dauricine attenuates Oct4/sonic hedgehog co‐activated stemness and induces reactive oxygen species‐mediated mitochondrial apoptosis via AKT/β‐catenin signaling in human neuroblastoma and glioblastoma stem‐like cells

5 citations , October 2023 in “Phytotherapy Research”

This study found that dauricine, a natural compound, may inhibit cell growth and enhance apoptosis in neuroblastoma and glioblastoma by blocking the Oct4/Shh pathway and AKT/β-catenin signaling.

research 1325 Age-dependent loss of the stemness and antimicrobial defense function of dermal fibroblasts is mediated by TGFbeta

April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology”

This study found that TGFbeta is a key pathway causing age-related loss of dermal fat's antimicrobial function, suggesting that targeting TGFBR might help restore skin defense against infections in older age.

research Biomimetic cell-adhesive ligand-functionalized peptide composite hydrogels maintain stemness of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells

14 citations , March 2021 in “Regenerative Biomaterials”

This study found that incorporating cell-adhesive ligands into 3D peptide hydrogels supports the survival and osteogenic differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells.

research Activation and regulation of the granulation tissue derived cells with stemness-related properties

14 citations , April 2015 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This study found that dermal stem cells from granulation tissue promoted wound healing and reduced fibrosis in a combined radiation and skin wound mouse model.

research Keratin-6 driven ODC expression to hair follicle keratinocytes enhances stemness and tumorigenesis by negatively regulating Notch

8 citations , August 2014 in “Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications”

The study found that over-expressing ornithine decarboxylase in the outer root sheath of the hair follicle in mice increases UVB-induced tumor growth and invasive squamous cell carcinoma compared to inter-follicular epidermal keratinocytes.

research Understanding the molecular basis of mesenchymal stem cell stemness: implications for clinical applications

1 citations , November 2025 in “Cell Death and Disease”

This review discusses the role of various genetic regulators in maintaining human mesenchymal stem cell stemness and highlights strategies for ex-vivo expansion, but reports no new clinical findings.

Inhibition of the Hippo Pathway by Verteporfin Reduces the Proliferation and Stemness of Rat Hair Follicle Neural Crest Stem Cells Under Hypoxia

research Inhibition of the Hippo pathway by verteporfin reduces the proliferation and stemness of rat hair follicle neural crest stem cells under hypoxia

February 2025 in “FASEB BioAdvances”

In this study, hypoxic conditions were found to enhance stemness in hair follicle neural crest stem cells, while inhibiting the Hippo pathway significantly decreased their proliferation.

research Isolation of a Novel Population of Multipotent Adult Stem Cells from Human Hair Follicles

344 citations , June 2006 in “American Journal Of Pathology”

Human hair follicles can provide stem cells for regenerative medicine.

research Adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction in regenerative medicine: a brief review on biology and translation

316 citations , June 2017 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy”

This review covers the potential of SVF and ADSC therapies in regenerative medicine and highlights the challenges of regulation and efficacy, without reporting new clinical results.

research Genome-wide Maps of Histone Modifications Unwind In Vivo Chromatin States of the Hair Follicle Lineage

191 citations , September 2011 in “Cell stem cell”

This study found that polycomb-group-mediated repression plays a key role in regulating hair follicle stem cell states and lineage progression by distinct mechanisms in adult mouse skin.

Cell-Type-Specific Chromatin States Differentially Prime Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumor-Initiating Cells for Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

research Cell-Type-Specific Chromatin States Differentially Prime Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumor-Initiating Cells for Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition

174 citations , November 2016 in “Cell stem cell”

This study found that squamous cell carcinomas from hair follicle stem cells are more prone to epithelial to mesenchymal transition and metastasis than those from interfollicular epidermis, due to distinct chromatin landscapes.

An Intrinsic Oscillation of Gene Networks Inside Hair Follicle Stem Cells: An Additional Layer That Can Modulate Hair Stem Cell Activities

research An Intrinsic Oscillation of Gene Networks Inside Hair Follicle Stem Cells: An Additional Layer That Can Modulate Hair Stem Cell Activities

23 citations , December 2020 in “Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology”

This review explores recent insights into how intrinsic gene oscillations and molecular interactions in hair follicle stem cells contribute to their regenerative potential, with potential implications for regenerative medicine, but reports no new clinical results.

research Ginsenoside Rg3 Up-regulates the Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Human Dermal Papilla Cells and Mouse Hair Follicles

20 citations , December 2013 in “PTR. Phytotherapy research/Phytotherapy research”

This study found that ginsenoside Rg3 up-regulates vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human dermal papilla cells and mouse hair follicles, suggesting its potential role in promoting hair growth.