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Gene differences affect finasteride side effects in men with hair loss.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

MicroRNAs are crucial in controlling cell signaling, affecting cancer and tissue regeneration.

The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Myo-inositol supplements may improve insulin sensitivity and help with conditions like PCOS and gestational diabetes, but more research is needed.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.

Androgens can both increase and decrease hair growth in different parts of the body.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Trilostane effectively improved symptoms in dogs with a certain adrenal gland disorder.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Allergic reactions to blood thinners are rare but can be serious, requiring careful testing and alternative treatments.

Finasteride effectively treats baldness but may cause sexual side effects.

Finasteride exposure in pregnancy causes genital abnormalities in male rats.