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This study found that a mild intramuscular dose of BOTOX increased spermatogenesis and improved sperm quality in ageing mice, suggesting potential benefits for managing male infertility.

This study found that V-ATPase plays a role in the acidification of vas deferens fluid under the influence of testosterone in orchidectomized rats.

This study found no significant difference in semen parameters or reproductive hormone levels between men taking low-dose finasteride for androgenic alopecia and those not on the medication.

This study found that chronic administration of finasteride in rats led to significant alterations in the epididymis and compromised sperm quality, effects that persisted even after 30 days of treatment cessation.

This article reviews the commonality of androgenic alopecia in men over 30 and the use of finasteride, without reporting new research findings.

Environmental factors and exposure to toxins may contribute to male infertility by affecting sperm and hormone function.

This review highlights the limited effectiveness of current unlicensed treatments for male subfertility, like hormonal therapy and antioxidants, and emphasizes new drug discovery methods such as high-throughput screening and drug repurposing to improve treatment development for male subfertility.

In this study, the authors concluded that COVID-19 may not cause direct long-term harm to testicular function, but temporary indirect effects could occur, suggesting a possible delay in pursuing parenthood post-recovery.

This review discusses the effects of 5ARI drugs on male reproductive parameters, reporting potential decreases in sperm count and motility more significantly in men with pre-existing oligozoospermia, but does not provide fertility outcomes.

This study determined that men taking finasteride 1 mg/day exhibited significantly reduced sperm production and morphology compared to controls, although there were no notable changes in hormonal, sexual, or psychological function.

This review discusses the evaluation of hyperandrogenemia in women and hypogonadism in men across different life stages and presents biomarkers used for diagnosing male hypogonadism, reporting no new clinical results.

This study reviewed human evidence on the effects of 5α-reductase inhibitors, finasteride and dutasteride, on semen parameters and gonadotrophins, finding finasteride causes mild, reversible changes, while dutasteride may lead to more pronounced and potentially less reversible impacts, suggesting caution for those planning to conceive.

This study found that Origanum vulgare extract improved testicular structure and function in mice against finasteride-induced damage by enhancing antioxidant defense and modulating gene expression related to apoptosis.

This study found that finasteride treatment in males with androgenetic alopecia was linked to significant changes in sperm parameters and increased testosterone levels, but no sexual dysfunction was observed, and sperm parameters returned to baseline after treatment stopped.

In this laboratory study with rats, treatment with finasteride reduced dihydrotestosterone levels and fertility parameters, with a 30-day recovery period proving insufficient to fully restore sperm function and fertility.

This review discusses the structure and function of the testes in male reproduction and development, noting the complex hormonal regulation within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis but reports no new clinical results.

This review summarizes recent research on the molecular properties and functions of L-PGDS and PGD2, but reports no new findings, highlighting their pathophysiological roles and guiding future studies.

This review highlights that various commonly prescribed medications for chronic conditions may impact male fertility by affecting hormone secretion, sperm production, ejaculation, erectile function, and libido, although conclusive evidence is limited to specific drug groups.

This study found that men taking 1 mg/day of finasteride had significantly reduced sperm production and morphology but similar hormonal, sexual, and psychological profiles compared to controls, suggesting finasteride affects semen quality without altering other physiological functions.

This chapter reviews the presence and roles of stem cells in various body systems, focusing on their lifelong function in animals and humans, and reports no new experimental findings.

This study found that dual 5α-reductase inhibition in rats led to decreased sperm motility and altered morphology, resulting in subfertility.

This study found that Epristeride and Finasteride reduced prostate development and testis weight in male rats, but only Finasteride appeared to impact reproductive function.

This study suggests that the negative impact of high-dose Finasteride on male reproductive function may be mitigated by concurrent administration with TU.

In this study, high doses of Lepidium sativum seeds extract were reported to cause toxicity and tissue damage in animals, suggesting the need for careful use under medical supervision.

This study suggests that a mild intramuscular dose of botulinum toxin improved spermatogenesis and sperm parameters in ageing mice.

This study suggests that 5α-reductase inhibitors do not significantly affect male reproductive function but may require caution in men with oligospermia or ejaculatory issues.

This article reviews the effects of various medications on male fertility, noting that while commonly used drugs can mostly have reversible impacts, conclusive human evidence remains limited.

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of anabolic-androgenic steroids, reporting that their use enhances muscle mass but is associated with significant health issues including cardiac muscle hypertrophy, liver disease, and changes in gender characteristics, emphasizing the need for patient awareness of these risks.

This study reviews the mechanisms by which SARS-CoV-2 may impact male fertility, noting potential disruptions in spermatogenesis and hormone secretion, and underscores the need for follow-up in recovered men.

This study found that exposure to finasteride impaired spermatogenesis in male Xenopus laevis by affecting sex-specific feedback mechanisms in the hypothalamus–pituitary–gonad axis.