82 citations,
May 2009 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Caffeine penetrates human skin in lab tests similarly to real-life conditions, but actual skin use is still essential for accurate results.
82 citations,
January 2002 in “Journal of drug targeting” Drugs penetrate scalp skin better than abdominal skin, with scalp hair follicles aiding in higher drug delivery.
45 citations,
March 2020 in “ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces” The new biomaterial inspired by ancient Chinese medicine effectively promotes hair growth and heals wounds in burned skin.
40 citations,
January 2018 in “Pharmaceutics” Eucalyptol and oleic acid in nanoemulsions improve minoxidil delivery to hair follicles, potentially enhancing hair loss treatment.
20 citations,
August 2014 in “Therapeutic delivery” The transfollicular route shows promise for noninvasive, targeted drug delivery but needs more research.
15 citations,
November 2020 in “Pharmaceutics” Tofacitinib nanoparticles can safely and effectively treat alopecia areata by targeting hair follicles.
March 2024 in “Majallah-i taḥqīqāt-i ̒ulūm-i pizishkī-i Zāhidān/Majallah-i taḥqīqāt-i ̒ulūm-i pizishkī-i Zāhidān./Zahedan journal of researches in medical sciences” Microneedling with PRP effectively reduces facial pigmentation with minimal side effects.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Nonmelanoma skin cancers have higher levels of certain osteopontin variants than normal skin.
158 citations,
August 2011 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Vitamin D and its receptor regulate skin functions like cell growth, immunity, hair cycle, and tumor prevention.
131 citations,
May 2015 in “Experimental Dermatology” Microneedles help improve skin appearance and deliver skin treatments effectively, but safety concerns need more research and regulation.
82 citations,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” DHEA stimulates skin oil glands and could help postmenopausal women, with potential for acne and excessive hair growth treatments.
39 citations,
February 2014 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Massage increases how deep both rigid and flexible liposomes can go into skin, with flexible ones going deeper, and covering the skin (occlusion) helps rigid ones more.
23 citations,
January 2014 in “Molecular Therapy” Applying a special DNA plasmid to the skin can make it thicker and stronger.
22 citations,
November 2012 in “Journal of cosmetic dermatology” Stem cells can rejuvenate skin, restore hair, and aid in wound healing.
19 citations,
April 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” Melanoblasts migrate to the skin using various pathways, and understanding this process could help with skin disease research.
15 citations,
October 2020 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Caffeine penetrates skin quickly through open hair follicles, but less through closed ones, with levels becoming equal after 22 hours.
14 citations,
September 2019 in “Saudi pharmaceutical journal” Microparticles help caffeic acid stay longer in hair follicles for better treatment of folliculitis.
13 citations,
January 2021 in “Scientific Reports” Pannexin 3 helps skin and hair growth by controlling a protein called Epiprofin.
12 citations,
March 2020 in “Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers” Nanoparticles show potential for controlled release of hair loss drugs, improving treatment effectiveness.
6 citations,
December 2015 in “International journal of nanomedicine” Using sonophoresis can make it harder for certain drug-loaded liposomes to get through the skin.
5 citations,
May 2020 in “Pharmaceutical Research” Heat and chemicals improve finasteride delivery to scalp and hair follicles, potentially enhancing treatment for hair loss.
1 citations,
October 2023 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” Printing human stem cells and a special matrix during surgery can help grow new skin and hair-like structures in rats.
January 2024 in “RSC pharmaceutics” Removing the outer skin layer increases drug absorption and offers non-invasive treatment options, with some methods allowing for quick skin recovery.
September 2022 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” A new staining method shows a special area in the hair's skin layer with lots of proteoglycans.
215 citations,
March 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology” Tiny pollution particles called PM2.5 can harm skin cells by causing stress, damage to cell parts, and cell death.
14 citations,
January 2020 in “Biomaterials Science” Created microspheres show potential for safe and effective use in prostate artery embolization.
9 citations,
November 2000 in “Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE” Dyeing hair can help target and destroy hair follicles selectively.
1 citations,
October 2017 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Men are increasingly using energy-based skin treatments for workplace success, with lasers and other devices effectively improving skin and body appearance.
94 citations,
May 2011 in “BJCP. British journal of clinical pharmacology/British journal of clinical pharmacology” Hair follicles greatly increase caffeine absorption through the skin shortly after it's applied.
19 citations,
May 2016 in “Aging Cell” Older people's sweat glands are less effective at helping skin wounds heal due to weaker cell connections.