4 citations,
October 2022 in “Frontiers in public health” Cadmium chloride pollution can cause skin disorders, speed up aging, and prevent hair growth.
September 2024 in “Wound Repair and Regeneration” Obesity harms skin health by causing inflammation and delayed wound healing.
26 citations,
February 2003 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” An enzyme other than TNAP might be responsible for vitamin B-6 metabolism in the skin.
4 citations,
February 2022 in “Frontiers in molecular biosciences” Chronic stress in mice changes skin metabolism and gene expression, leading to hair loss.
38 citations,
June 2018 in “Archives of Toxicology” Different species and human skin models vary in their skin enzyme activities, with pig skin and some models closely matching human skin, useful for safety assessments and understanding the skin's protective roles.
15 citations,
January 2002 in “Gynecological endocrinology” Hormones affect skin aging and fat distribution, and treatments can help, but only minoxidil is proven for female hair loss.
November 1993 in “PubMed” High levels of androgens can cause skin issues like acne, hair loss, and excessive hair growth.
54 citations,
February 1993 in “Endocrine reviews” Androgen conjugates might be better indicators of skin sensitivity to hormones in women with excessive hair growth.
17 citations,
October 2003 in “Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research” The gene SDR5A1 is found in scalp hair of both hirsute and normal individuals, but it does not explain differences in hair growth.
57 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androstanediol glucuronide is a reliable marker for hirsutism in women.
57 citations,
February 1983 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” Dihydrotestosterone increases the activity of an enzyme in pubic skin cells that converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone.
35 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.
11 citations,
May 1996 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” The main enzyme found in pubic skin that could be targeted to treat excessive hair growth is 5 alpha-R2.
101 citations,
April 1994 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” 5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.
The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
208 citations,
January 2013 in “Lab on a Chip” The Multi-Organ-Chip improves the growth and quality of skin and hair in the lab, potentially replacing animal testing.
132 citations,
January 2017 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.
17 citations,
August 2019 in “Frontiers in Immunology” Non-invasive methods show promise for diagnosing skin diseases like psoriasis and lupus but need more research for regular use.
11 citations,
August 2018 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Adipose-derived stem cells show potential for skin rejuvenation and wound healing but require more research to overcome challenges and ensure safety.
249 citations,
April 2002 in “The FASEB journal” Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.
82 citations,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” DHEA stimulates skin oil glands and could help postmenopausal women, with potential for acne and excessive hair growth treatments.
50 citations,
August 1985 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” Spironolactone reduces the enzyme activity that converts testosterone to DHT, helping treat excessive hair growth in women.
3 citations,
October 1995 in “International Journal of Dermatology” Finasteride helps treat skin issues like acne and baldness by blocking testosterone conversion.
34 citations,
February 1993 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” Certain 4-azasteroids are effective at blocking the enzyme that processes testosterone in human skin and could help treat acne, excessive hair growth, and male pattern baldness.
31 citations,
January 1981 in “Pharmacology & Therapeutics” Oral retinoids are effective for treating severe skin disorders but have reversible side effects and risks for pregnant women.
11 citations,
August 2000 in “Journal of Endocrinology” DHEA acts like a male hormone on rat skin glands and doesn't turn into female hormones there.
115 citations,
August 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Modulating Cytochrome P450 activity could help develop new skin disease treatments.
May 2024 in “Food bioscience” Wood sterol may help reduce hair loss caused by a high-fat diet.
50 citations,
May 2004 in “Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft” Estrogens generally inhibit hair growth and improve skin quality, but their exact effects on hair follicles are complex and not fully understood.
16 citations,
December 2020 in “PloS one” Researchers found WNT10A to be a key gene in developing goat hair follicles.