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Tacrolimus causes fewer acute rejections than cyclosporin A in kidney transplants but doesn't necessarily improve kidney function after one year; cardiovascular risks and side effects vary between the two drugs.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and management of PCOS are crucial due to its associated health risks.

The conclusion is that while oral contraceptive pills are effective for PCOS-related high androgen levels, new treatments with fewer side effects are needed.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

Patients often experience long-lasting changes to their hair after stem cell transplants.

Giving a special protein to dogs with a certain genetic disease improved their symptoms but didn't help with hair growth.

A specific RNA modification in cashmere goats helps activate hair growth-related stem cells.

Most adrenal cortex tumors are benign and non-secreting, but proper diagnosis and treatment are important due to the rare possibility of cancer.

A woman with a new PTCH gene mutation has both Gorlin syndrome and severe hair loss.

About 7% to 15% of Iranian women have polycystic ovary syndrome, depending on the criteria used to diagnose it.

Blood vessels and specific genes help turn cartilage into bone when bones heal.

Early recognition and treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease is crucial to improve survival and health outcomes.

Taking DHEA for a year is generally safe for postmenopausal women but may cause acne and more facial hair without improving metabolism or aging.

Treatments for hair loss include estrogen therapy and special shampoos.

Tooth papilla cells can help regenerate hair follicles and grow hair.

Parthenolide promotes hair growth in mice and may influence pathways related to male pattern baldness.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Losing weight and eating better are key to managing metabolic syndrome and its related conditions.

About 13% of women had idiopathic hirsutism and 8.5% had polycystic ovary syndrome in a group of Iranian women.

17α-estradiol is a safe estrogen that might protect the brain and doesn't cause feminization, needing more research for treating brain diseases.

The bulletin provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing PCOS, suggesting weight loss, hormonal contraceptives, and diabetes screening, with clomiphene for infertility and various treatments for excess hair.

Oxygen levels can drop during liver transplant if bypass pressures are too high, but other reasons should be checked first.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

The chapter explains common scalp conditions, including infections, infestations, and tumors.

Linagliptin slows down premature aging in certain mice.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Men with early balding should be checked for metabolic syndrome, as there's a link between the two.