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The document concludes that there are still unknowns about the effectiveness, risks, and detection of performance-enhancing drugs, and doping remains a challenge.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Cyproterone acetate is used to treat conditions like prostate cancer, early puberty, excessive sexual drive, and female androgenization by affecting androgen functions and suppressing certain hormones.

PSA levels could help detect illegal steroid use in female athletes but face challenges like cost and PCOS prevalence.

Female rats showed more panic-related behavior than males, influenced by hormonal cycles and certain drugs.

The document summarizes medical findings on topics like heart rhythm treatment, sleep apnea therapy, and various health conditions and treatments.

Prenatal stress changes how male and female rats enjoy rewards differently, linked to sex hormones.

Using β-cyclodextrin derivatives improves the solubility and bioavailability of steroidal drugs.

Beta-sitosterol and stigmasterol might help prevent hair loss by blocking a specific enzyme.

Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone treatments can help with penile growth in males with 5α-reductase type 2 deficiency, with dihydrotestosterone being more effective in infancy.

Hormones affect skin aging and fat distribution, and treatments can help, but only minoxidil is proven for female hair loss.

Certain skin conditions in women are linked to higher risks of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes due to hormone imbalances.

Eating high-glycemic and dairy foods can increase hormones that may cause acne and other health issues.

Dihydrotestosterone treatment can help penis growth in boys with 5α-reductase deficiency but doesn't fully normalize size after puberty.

Melasma is a skin condition linked to female hormones, genetics, UV exposure, and certain medications, but not to pituitary, adrenal, or thyroid diseases.

Hormone treatment for transsexual individuals is effective but carries risks like thromboembolic events and mood changes, with most side effects being minor and reversible.

Higher DHT levels are linked to fewer hypogonadism symptoms in men with normal testosterone levels.

Endocrine disruptors may cause early hair loss.

Finasteride can have lasting negative effects on brain function and behavior by disrupting neurosteroid production.

High androgen levels in postmenopausal women may suggest an ovarian tumor, and removing it can improve heart and metabolic health.

Testing for CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor gene is not currently recommended for managing hypogonadism.

Some hormone-related drugs may protect brain cells in Parkinson's disease differently in men and women.

Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.

Women with AGA have more androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone, less copper and zinc; copper imbalance affects AGA; treatment improves hormones and minerals.

Glucocorticoids are powerful anti-inflammatory drugs that must be used carefully to avoid serious side effects.

Finasteride helps reduce heart enlargement in heart failure patients.

Coumarin derivatives show promise as anti-estrogenic agents for treating breast cancer, with some in clinical trials.

Understanding how androgens and their receptors work can lead to improved treatments for skin diseases.