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Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.

Testosterone changes important cell communication proteins in pregnant rats' uteruses, which might affect pregnancy success.

Microglia, the brain's immune cells, may contribute to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) by altering the female brain's structure and function, with kisspeptin neurons and GABA neurotransmitters also playing a role.

Blocking 5α-reductase can harm memory and brain structure, and increase harmful brain changes in male mice used for Alzheimer's disease research.

Testosterone treatment in trans men increases body and facial hair and may lead to hair loss over time, but severe skin issues are rare.

The document concludes that gender-affirming treatments are essential for transgender individuals and outlines safe hormone therapy practices.

5α-reductase inhibitors and alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists together effectively treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, with long-term benefits.

Glioblastoma cells can make androgens, which might help the tumor grow.

Tamsulosin and finasteride have similar effects on blood sugar control in men with type 2 diabetes.

Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.

Women with PCOS have similar bone density to healthy women, but those who are obese have higher bone density at some body sites.

Human sebaceous glands contain enzymes that affect androgen production and may influence sebum production and acne.

Hormonal therapy changes skin and hair in transgender patients, who need better researched dermatologic care.

Longer CAG repeat lengths in the androgen receptor gene are linked to higher testosterone levels in women with PCOS.

Progestogens are essential in menopausal hormone therapy to prevent uterine cancer and must be chosen carefully based on individual needs.

Hair sensitivity to androgens is partly controlled by specific enzyme expressions in different hair areas.

New compounds show promise for treating hair loss, enlarged prostate, and prostate cancer, with some being more effective and having different side effects than current treatments.

The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.

Women with PCOS have distinct retinal changes compared to healthy women.

PFS and PSSD are similar conditions with persistent sexual dysfunction after stopping medication.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus has varied symptoms and is hard to diagnose, affecting many body parts and requiring careful clinical judgment.

Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness and sensory issues, has no cure but manageable symptoms, and future treatments look promising.

Drospirenone is a unique progestin with anti-water retention and potential blood pressure benefits, used in birth control and hormone therapy.

Finasteride affects frog testes by increasing testosterone, decreasing 5α-DHT, and impacting genes related to reproduction and other functions.

Lovastatin doesn't improve lower urinary tract symptoms treatment.

Androgens like testosterone may help treat traumatic brain injury by reducing mitochondrial stress and inflammation.

The testosterone patch and gel are both effective, but they have different absorption patterns and effects on hormone levels.

The drug enzalutamide may reduce the ability of the virus causing COVID-19 to enter lung cells.