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The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.

No single treatment is consistently effective for alopecia areata, and more research is needed.

Stopping minoxidil treatment resumes balding; continuous use needed for results.

Minoxidil 2% effectively treats female hair loss, promoting growth and density.

Finasteride and flutamide effectively reduce hirsutism in PCOS women, with flutamide also lowering hormone levels.

Certain hormone treatments can improve acne and related conditions in women.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Androgen Deprivation Therapy for prostate cancer often reduces sexual function but intermittent therapy may be more tolerable.

Young women with PCOS have a higher risk of high blood pressure and metabolic syndrome, but these risks may decrease after age 40.

Hormone therapy with estradiol and spironolactone can regrow scalp hair in transgender women by lowering testosterone to female levels.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

The document concludes that various drugs can manage symptoms and metabolic issues in women with PCOS.

Testosterone therapy can help improve mood, sexual function, and bone health in women with low androgen levels, but more research is needed to establish safe and effective guidelines.

FAI values above 6.4 may suggest high androgen levels and increased metabolic risks in Chinese women of reproductive age.

The document concludes that Functional Hypothalamic Amenorrhea should be carefully diagnosed and managed to prevent health complications, using lifestyle changes and specific medications.

Women with AGA have more androstenedione and dihydrotestosterone, less copper and zinc; copper imbalance affects AGA; treatment improves hormones and minerals.

Flutamide works better than finasteride for hirsutism, and combining both is slightly better but not much.

Keratinocytes show more TGF-β system activity and collagen production as they age, which might affect wound scarring.

SEPA™ enhances the effectiveness of minoxidil in stimulating hair growth, working faster and better than Rogaine® TS, with no significant side effects.

Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

Finasteride effectively treats hair loss in Korean men for at least 5 years, with V type responding better.

5α-reductase inhibitors like finasteride may not be effective or safe for transgender individuals, and more research is needed.

The IRS-2 Asp/Asp genotype may increase the risk of PCOS in Chinese women, especially if they are not obese.

Young women with PCOS and no other heart risk factors have normal heart function.

Normal-range ALT levels can indicate metabolic and hormonal imbalances in young women.

A specific thyroid hormone resistance mutation may be linked to different types of hair loss.

Oxidative stress plays a role in female pattern baldness, causing an imbalance between harmful and protective elements in the body.

Sh-Polypeptide 9 may be better than minoxidil for hair growth and protection against damage.

Testosterone replacement therapy improved blood sugar and fat levels without raising prostate cancer risk in Japanese men with low testosterone.