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The document concludes that managing PCOS involves treating symptoms, regulating periods, and reducing health risks, with specific medications for fertility and metabolic issues.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Physical activity, height, and smoking affect prostate cancer risk.

The document concludes that transplantology has evolved with improved techniques and materials, making transplants more successful and expanding the types of transplants possible.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

The Rotterdam Study investigates diseases in older adults and has produced many research findings.

The review suggests that a special cell-derived treatment shows promise for various skin conditions and hair growth but needs more research for confirmation.

DHT's role in hair loss is important, but measuring its level for diagnosis is questionable.

Optical imaging and light therapy show promise for diagnosing and treating liver injury caused by surgery.

ECM1-modified stem cells can effectively treat liver cirrhosis.

Modified stem cells from umbilical cord blood can make hair grow faster.

Hair loss can indicate brain aging and potential small vessel disease, but more research is needed to understand the clinical impact.

Metformin and rosiglitazone improve blood vessel function in women with PCOS, with metformin also reducing insulin resistance and testosterone levels.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Paeoniflorin protects brain cells by involving a specific protein and neurosteroids.

Short-term finasteride treatment may lower some cell death factors in prostate cancer cells.

miRNA-based therapies show promise for treating skin diseases, including hair loss, in animals.

Testosterone therapy can improve sexual function in women but long-term safety is unclear.

Tissue-derived extracellular vesicles are crucial for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

Chemicals and stem cells combined have advanced regenerative medicine with few safety concerns, focusing on improving techniques and treatment effectiveness.

Stem cells help repair tissue mainly by releasing beneficial substances, not by replacing damaged cells.

Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.

Cyclosporin extends hair growth in mice, but high-dose corticosteroids block this effect.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand how to treat muscle pain with drugs.

Substances from fat-derived stem cells can promote hair growth and counteract hormone-related hair loss by activating a key hair growth pathway.

Wnt signaling helps control how brain stem cells divide and is important for brain repair after injury.

The document concludes that careful history and physical exams are crucial for accurately diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome and distinguishing it from other similar conditions.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS requires a thorough approach, considering various symptoms and risks, and calls for improved methods to identify PCOS types and prevent diabetes.