8 citations
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May 1996 in “Endocrinology” This study found that the androgen precursors DHEA and androstenedione stimulated androgen-sensitive parameters in the sebaceous glands of the skin in castrated male hamsters.
2 citations
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October 2018 in “The journal of pediatrics/The Journal of pediatrics” This case report identified a 4-month-old boy with Menkes disease, a neurodegenerative disorder of copper metabolism, noting symptoms like recurrent seizures, developmental delay, and specific physical characteristics, confirmed by genetic sequencing showing a pathogenic ATP7A mutation and low serum copper and ceruloplasmin levels.
October 2021 in “Authorea (Authorea)” In this study, using tyrosine as a cross-linking agent for hair perming showed better initial results compared to commercial products, though efficiency decreased after washing without compromising hair strength.
14 citations
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October 2018 in “PloS one” In this study, Far2-/- mice were observed to develop focal alopecia with altered sebaceous gland morphology and lower skin lipid levels compared to wildtype mice.
9 citations
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May 2010 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” In this study, researchers observed that human sebaceous glands can regenerate in a mouse model using transplanted human skin, potentially offering a tool to study sebaceous gland biology and regeneration.
June 2022 in “Indian Dermatology Online Journal” This case report describes a 19-year-old male with alopecia totalis and comedones over the bald scalp, suggesting the importance of terminal hair for sebum drainage to prevent preliminary acne lesions.
67 citations
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November 2019 in “Molecules” This review collected findings on the various cosmetic and therapeutic properties of tea extracts, highlighting their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective effects among other benefits for skin and hair care.
January 2023 in “International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology” This review discusses the mechanism of "Malassezia" dandruff and the potential benefits of herbal treatments, focusing on phytoconstituents with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties, but reports no new experimental results.
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” Birth control pills help treat acne, especially when caused by excess male hormones, and are safe to use with antibiotics.
218 citations
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October 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” This study found that removing PPARγ specifically from mouse adipose tissue led to severe fat loss, insulin resistance, diabetes, and associated metabolic abnormalities.
57 citations
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May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” This review found that women with idiopathic hirsutism may have increased 5α-reductase activity, as indicated by elevated levels of a dihydrotestosterone-reduced metabolite, but more research is needed to confirm its clinical relevance as a biomarker.
16 citations
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January 2008 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” Vitamin B12 deficiency can cause skin darkening and increased blood vessels, but treatment can improve symptoms.
In this study, researchers found that cosmetic formulations containing guaraná extract effectively controlled oiliness in oily skin and hair by reducing sebaceous gland activity and lipid content without compromising skin barrier function, making them promising for managing excessive sebum production.
5 citations
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January 2013 in “Spatula DD - Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery” This study found that a polyherbal formulation of Trigonella foenum-graecum and Butea monosperma significantly promoted hair growth and reduced DHT levels in a chemotherapy-induced alopecia model.
April 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study focused on formulating and assessing flaxseed herbal oil for its potential to moisturize and nourish hair, highlighting flaxseed's rich content of beneficial compounds such as omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants which support scalp health and promote hair growth.
In this study, oral testosterone administered three times daily normalized serum testosterone levels in men with experimentally induced hypogonadism over nine days and significantly reduced SHBG.
August 2004 in “Journal of the American College of Surgeons” This study found that endothelial cells under serum deprivation significantly upregulated genes related to inflammation and coagulation, which may impact outcomes in tissue transfer procedures.
6 citations
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May 2020 in “Pharmacology Research & Perspectives” This study in rats found that a new hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin formulation of minoxidil reduced the adverse cardiovascular and proliferative effects seen with traditional minoxidil solutions.
April 2026 in “Journal of Craniofacial Surgery” This pilot study found that plasma- and sonophoresis-assisted delivery of an exosome-containing formulation improved hair and scalp metrics over 12 weeks, with short-term safety observed, but controlled trials are needed for confirmation.
59 citations
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August 2004 in “Human Reproduction Update” This article discusses the challenges in diagnosing female androgen insufficiency syndrome due to unreliable testosterone measurement methods but notes symptom improvement with testosterone therapy, emphasizing the need for women-specific formulations and safety guidelines.
77 citations
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June 2006 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This review discusses the importance of androgen production and metabolism in hyperandrogenism, the use of specific serum markers for diagnosis, and the need for improved assays for clinical testing, but reports no new results.
August 2019 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” PFD patch helps laser tattoo removal, trichoscopy diagnoses AGA, and serum boosts SOD activity.
10 citations
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October 2010 in “International Journal of Andrology” In this study, co-administration of finasteride with oral testosterone undecanoate in young men with induced hypogonadism had no significant effect on serum testosterone or dihydrotestosterone levels, likely due to TU's unique absorption route.
This narrative review concludes that long-term randomized controlled trials are needed to establish clear guidelines for testosterone therapy in women, given the lack of FDA-approved formulations and the variable quality of current treatments.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this retrospective chart review, researchers observed that estrogen monotherapy effectively suppressed testosterone levels below 50ng/dL in all transfeminine patients studied, particularly those using injectable formulations, though the small sample size and ongoing data collection limit these findings.
October 2024 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this retrospective study, among transfeminine patients aged 19-81 receiving gender-affirming estrogen therapy, 100% achieved testosterone suppression without anti-androgens when serum estradiol exceeded 100pg/mL, predominantly using injectable estrogen.
April 2022 in “Journal of applied science and environmental management” This study found that Aframomum melegueta seed extract improved wound healing in albino rats, with treated groups showing smaller wound sizes and formation of new tissues compared to controls.
95 citations
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July 2015 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” This review discusses the application of lipid nanoparticles for enhancing drug delivery through hair follicles and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing the potential role of sebum-like lipids in this context.
January 2014 in “Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)” The study observed that cell spheres formed from mesenchymal cells of newborn mice skin exhibited upregulation of markers linked to hair follicle regeneration, suggesting a potential hibernation-like state for maintaining viability.
January 2014 in “Institutional Repositories DataBase (IRDB)” This study found that cell spheres formed from mesenchymal cells in newborn mouse skin showed increased expression of genes associated with hair follicle regeneration, though marker distribution varied and requires further investigation.