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Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Using defensins to activate stem cells may improve skin aging signs without causing inflammation.

FAI values above 6.4 may suggest high androgen levels and increased metabolic risks in Chinese women of reproductive age.

Acne is caused by increased sebum, abnormal skin shedding, bacteria, and inflammation, not dirt; treatments vary from creams to antibiotics or isotretinoin, with severe cases needing a dermatologist's care.

Seresto® collar is safe to use with Advocate® and Profender® on dogs and cats.

Finasteride gel effectively and safely reduces hair thickness in women with excessive hair growth.

Hormonal changes and psychological issues can cause sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women. Behavioral therapy is recommended first, with hormone replacement helping some symptoms but not libido. Testosterone can improve libido, but its effects on overall sexual function are unclear. Emotional and relationship issues should be addressed before using medication, and the benefits and risks of testosterone supplementation should be considered.

PCOS patients, especially obese ones, often lack vitamin D and may need supplements and lifestyle changes.

MSC-derived exosomes can help treat COVID-19, hair loss, skin aging, and arthritis.

U.S. dermatology residents need more education and experience with LGBT patients to improve their cultural competency.

Exosomes could improve skin and hair treatments but are limited by cost, production difficulty, and need for more research.

Higher doses of isotretinoin may lead to more hair loss.

Horizontal scalp biopsy sections effectively diagnose and predict MPAA, with follicular density and inflammation impacting hair regrowth.

Dermatoscopy is useful for identifying different hair and scalp conditions and can reduce the need for biopsies.

Dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis are caused by yeast feeding on scalp oils, leading to irritation and flaking.

Cells from balding scalps have more androgen receptors than cells from non-balding scalps.

Topical steroids can manage chronic scalp pustules in elderly women.

Scalp dermoscopy is good for diagnosing a type of hair loss and helps choose the best spots for biopsy.

Finasteride 1mg helps reverse hair miniaturization in men and postmenopausal women.

Horizontally sectioned scalp biopsies are more reliable for diagnosing hair loss in women when three samples are taken instead of one.

Coal tar shampoos, salicylic acid, and topical corticosteroids are effective for scalp psoriasis, with Vitamin D3 analogues also showing benefits; severe cases may require stronger medication with more risks.

Red light therapy at 655 nm significantly improved hair growth in men with hair loss.

Treating psoriasis on the scalp, nails, and skin folds is challenging, often requiring systemic treatments for severe cases, with some success in topical and biologic treatments.

Drugs penetrate scalp skin better than abdominal skin, with scalp hair follicles aiding in higher drug delivery.

Nearly half of the French individuals surveyed reported having a sensitive scalp, more common in women, often linked to hair loss and symptoms like itching, and triggered by factors including shampoos and pollution.

The scalp's microorganisms significantly affect hair health and disease.

Trichoscopy is a quick, noninvasive method to diagnose hair and scalp disorders, often reducing the need for biopsies.

Some breast cancer chemotherapy can cause permanent hair loss.

Micrografts and minigrafts are safe and effective for hair transplantation in facial and scalp reconstruction, providing high patient satisfaction.