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This review examines the functions of vitamin D and its receptor in skin and explores how these are regulated, reporting no new clinical results.

This study found that blocking androgen receptors inhibits testicular descent in rats more effectively during the early stages of gubernacular outgrowth than inhibiting 5a-reductase.

This study found that mice lacking the 1αOHase enzyme, which is responsible for producing a key vitamin D metabolite, showed impaired epidermal differentiation and delayed recovery of skin barrier function after disruption.

This review discusses the effects of estrogens on skin aging and highlights the potential benefits of estrogen replacement therapy and selective estrogen receptor modulators for improving skin health in postmenopausal women, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study found that the co-activator CBP enhances the agonistic action of hydroxyflutamide on androgen receptors, suggesting a mechanism for therapy resistance in prostate cancer.

This review discusses the influence of oestrogens on various skin components and highlights their modulatory roles and receptor pathways, but it reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the physiological roles of ovarian androgens in follicle development and atresia, emphasizing their contributions to polycystic ovary syndrome and normal follicle maturation but provides no new clinical results.

This review discusses current therapeutic targets and treatments for androgenic alopecia but reports no clinical results; the authors highlight the challenge of developing multi-target drugs for effective treatment.

This study found that the vitamin D receptor is crucial for initiating the postnatal hair follicular cycle in mice, preventing alopecia associated with its inactivation.

This review discusses the potential of targeting glucocorticoid action as a treatment strategy for obesity and type-2 diabetes, highlighting promising animal study results but reports no new clinical findings.

This review discusses the role of estrogens in hair follicle cycling and the skin, highlighting the need for more research on estrogen signaling pathways and their interactions with other factors in hair biology.

This study observed that in vitro treatment of male frontotemporal scalp hair follicles with 17-β-estradiol stimulated hair shaft generation and hair matrix keratinocyte proliferation, suggesting potential anagen-prolonging effects.

This study found that basal cell carcinomas show strong expression of vitamin D receptors at both mRNA and protein levels, suggesting a potential role in tumor growth regulation.

This study found that mutant glucocorticoid receptors have defective transcriptional activity and dynamic motility issues in the nucleus, likely due to impaired interactions with nuclear molecules necessary for gene activation.

This study found that antisense oligonucleotides can significantly reduce androgen receptor expression in cultured human sebocytes and may offer new therapeutic possibilities for androgen-associated skin diseases.

This article reviews androgen insensitivity syndrome and highlights the factors contributing to phenotypic diversity in 46,XY patients with AR gene mutations, reporting no new clinical results.

In this study, androgen receptors were found only in the mane follicles of red deer stags during the breeding season, suggesting their expression is induced by seasonal hormone changes.

This study found that testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are crucial for synaptic transmission and spine density in male hippocampal neurons, suggesting sex-specific effects of neurosteroids on brain development.

This study found that sex differences in somatostatin biosynthesis in rat hypothalamic neurons develop between postnatal day 1 and 5, influenced by the conversion of testosterone to estrogen.

This review discusses using cultured dermal papilla cells to investigate hair follicle biology, emphasizing their potential to inform treatments, but reports no new clinical results.

In this study, OCT showed strong nuclear binding in certain skin cells, suggesting similar genomic effects to vitamin D with potential therapeutic benefits due to its lower calcaemic effect.

This study identified differences in adverse symptoms among patients with post-finasteride syndrome based on short and long androgen receptor gene polymorphisms.

This study found that dutasteride more effectively inhibited androgen receptor signaling and reduced cell growth compared to finasteride in prostate cancer cell models, with varying sensitivities across different cell lines.

This review discusses differences in ERβ signaling between rodents and humans and reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight the need for further research in humans before using ERβ agonists clinically.

This review discusses sexual side effects in men with androgenic alopecia treated with 5-alpha reductase inhibitors and reports no new clinical findings.

The researchers reported that the antipsoriatic compounds 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3 and calcipotriol thinned the living cell compartment in organotypic ORS cultures by accelerating the differentiation pathway rather than affecting proliferation.

This study found that men without prostate cancer carrying the A-allele of SNP rs1204038 had a 65% higher risk of PSA levels above 3 ng/mL compared to those with the G-allele, increasing referrals for further examination.

In this study, D-004 did not affect androgen-dependent development in rats exposed in utero, while finasteride caused significant changes in male offspring's androgen-dependent tissues.

In this study, using a novel topical androgen receptor suppressor, fluridil, significantly increased the percentage of growing hairs in males with androgenetic alopecia without systemic absorption or adverse side effects.

This study found that finasteride treatment in male rats may lead to changes in connexin 43 expression in the testes of their offspring, potentially affecting spermatogenesis.