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March 1994 in “Developmental dynamics” Apoptosis is essential for human skin development and forming a functional epidermis.
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April 2009 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology” The immune system plays a key role in tissue repair, affecting both healing quality and regenerative ability.
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October 2014 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.
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April 2002 in “The FASEB journal” Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.
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November 2011 in “The EMBO Journal” Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.
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February 2016 in “Science” Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.
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July 2002 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” Low iron and L-lysine levels can cause hair loss in women, and increasing these nutrients can reduce hair shedding.
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March 2013 in “Development” Fat cells help recruit healing cells and build skin structure during wound healing.
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February 2016 in “Science Translational Medicine” The timing of when the gene Bmal1 is active affects aging and survival, with its absence during development, not adulthood, leading to premature aging.
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January 2016 in “BMC Bioinformatics” The method can effectively extract biomedical information without needing expert annotation, performing better than previous models.
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December 2010 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Some patients taking finasteride or dutasteride may have ongoing sexual problems and depression even after stopping the medication.
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January 2005 in “Endocrine journal” Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.
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October 2014 in “Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology” Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.
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December 2011 in “Advances in Urology” The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.
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September 2008 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss in men, while minoxidil treats hair loss in women.
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September 2015 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The document provides a method to classify human hair growth stages using a model with human scalp on mice, aiming to standardize hair research.
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May 2012 in “Genes & Development” Planarian regeneration begins with a specific gene activation caused by injury, essential for healing and tissue regrowth.
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October 2001 in “The FASEB Journal” Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.
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April 2013 in “Development” More dermal papilla cells in hair follicles lead to larger, healthier hair, while fewer cells cause hair thinning and loss.
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March 1989 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Interferon alfa-2a is effective for treating cutaneous T cell lymphoma but has significant side effects.
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March 2012 in “Development” Skin needs dermal β-catenin activity for hair growth and skin cell multiplication.
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March 2012 in “Science Translational Medicine” PGD2 stops hair growth and is higher in bald men with AGA.
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May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
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May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
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April 2005 in “Journal of biological chemistry/The Journal of biological chemistry” The ZIP7 gene helps control zinc levels in cells by moving zinc from the Golgi apparatus to the cytoplasm.
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January 2015 in “International journal of trichology” Dermatologists need to understand hair products to treat hair and scalp issues better.
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March 2017 in “Cell host & microbe” Hair follicle development and microbes help regulatory T cells gather in newborn skin.