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People with PCOS, especially if obese, often have NAFLD, linked to obesity, insulin resistance, and high androgen levels.

Women with PCOS have more body fat and thicker fat layers in certain abdominal areas than women without PCOS.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

Some African American women's central scalp hair loss is linked to genetics and past fungal scalp infections, with more research needed on other causes.

Myo-inositol may be more effective than metformin for inducing ovulation in women with PCOS.

Treatment of acromegaly can improve women's reproductive health issues caused by hormonal imbalances or tumors.

Polycystic ovarian shape is a genetic sign of PCOS and its hormonal and metabolic features can be inherited.

Women with PCOS often feel stigmatized and have mood issues, which can lower their sexual satisfaction, but proper treatment and support can help.

Obese women with PCOS show a male-like pattern in certain fat tissue gene expressions.

Androgens play a complex role in skin conditions like acne and hair loss in women, and normal blood levels don't always show true androgen status.

The study found that certain microRNAs are higher in the cells and lower in the fluid of women with a specific type of polycystic ovary syndrome, and one microRNA could potentially help diagnose the condition.

AMH helps estimate ovarian reserve but doesn't predict pregnancy chances; age is more important.

Alopecia common in teens, may indicate endocrine issue, minoxidil effective treatment.

Early detection and treatment of PCOS in teenagers is important to manage symptoms and prevent severe issues.

Dietary changes, including weight loss and a balanced diet, are important for managing PCOS, especially in overweight women.

Melatonin improved mental health and metabolism in women with PCOS.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have fatty liver disease, especially if they have metabolic problems.

Women with PCOS have similar levels of certain proteins compared to women without PCOS, and these proteins don't independently cause PCOS.

Women with PCOS have lower ghrelin levels and a weaker response to sugar, which might affect their feeling of fullness and lead to overeating.

Women with PCOS are more likely to have insulin resistance and obesity, especially those with the most severe type I PCOS.

Women with PCOS often have mood disorders and a lower quality of life, and treatment should focus on both physical and mental health.

Certain genetic variations in the SHBG gene are linked to an increased or decreased risk of PCOS in Mediterranean women.

Weight loss and metformin don't significantly change vaspin levels in women with PCOS.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Metformin taken during pregnancy increases SHBG in newborns but doesn't change other hormone levels in mothers or babies.

More PDCD4 is linked to obesity, insulin problems, and cell death in ovaries for those with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Curcumin may improve blood sugar levels and cholesterol in people with PCOS, but more research is needed.

Men with common hair loss may have a higher risk of heart disease and diabetes, and should be checked for these conditions.

The research found different metabolism changes in PCOS patients and suggested new potential markers for diagnosing PCOS with or without insulin resistance.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.