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The conclusion is that skin and hair patterns are formed by a mix of cell activities, molecular signals, and environmental factors.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Oral minoxidil effectively controls blood pressure quickly and safely.

Finasteride significantly reduced tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with Tourette syndrome.

Lipid-coated silica nanoparticles penetrate human skin more deeply than bare silica nanoparticles.

Insulin helps heal corneal wounds and nerves in diabetic mice by activating the Wnt signaling pathway.

Vitamin A might be a safe extra treatment for dogs with sebaceous adenitis, but more research is needed to prove its effectiveness.

Alopecia areata causes hair loss due to an immune attack on hair follicles, influenced by genetics and environment.

New patents show progress in developing drugs targeting the Wnt pathway for diseases like cancer and hair loss.

Some congenital hair disorders improve with age and can be managed with treatments like minoxidil, retinoids, supplements, and gentle hair care, but there's no cure.

Retinoids can prevent skin cancer in high-risk people but have side effects and require more research on dosing and effectiveness.

Europe needs a clear system to watch over cosmetics for safety and to make sure product claims are true.

New hair loss treatments may include topical medications, injections, and improved transplant methods.

Eyelash alopecia areata often goes undiagnosed and can lead to complete eyelash regrowth, especially in younger patients.

Idiopathic hirsutism causes excessive hair growth in women, can be treated with medication and hair removal, but cannot be fully reversed.

THAP1 gene changes do not affect DYT1 dystonia; finasteride may help reduce tics and OCD in Tourette syndrome.

Isotretinoin at a low dose for three months does not significantly affect hair growth.

Cyclosporine A helps hair grow by blocking a process that would otherwise cause hair cells to die.

LED light therapy is effective for skin and hair treatments but requires careful use to minimize risks.

A machine learning model called CATNIP can predict new uses for existing drugs, like using antidepressants for Parkinson's disease and a thyroid cancer drug for diabetes.

Herbs might help with hair loss, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

A specific gene mutation is linked to a hereditary form of dystonia that responds well to certain medications.

Injecting minced fat into the facial artery can cause severe eye problems and death, more so than other fat types, and larger amounts increase these risks.

CD201+ fascia progenitors are essential for wound healing and could be targeted for treating skin conditions.

Finasteride significantly reduced tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Tourette syndrome patients.

Finasteride may help reduce tic severity in male Tourette syndrome patients.

A woman's unique dementia was misdiagnosed, a genetic mutation increases Parkinson's risk with age, and finasteride may help with Tourette syndrome.

At-home laser and light devices can safely reduce acne and hair growth when used correctly but are less effective than professional treatments.

Lymphatic vessels are essential for health and can be targeted to treat various diseases.

Melanocytes are important for skin and hair color and protect the skin from UV damage.