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This review discusses the development and potential therapeutic effects of nitroxide small molecule agents for age-related macular degeneration and cardiovascular disease, but reports no new clinical results.

This review summarized and classified 32 approved synthetic and natural-identical antioxidants, examining their regulatory status, safety, pharmacological properties, and effectiveness on human health, aiming to clarify their antioxidant actions and encourage further research in the field.

This review examines physical methods like electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, highlighting their complementary capabilities in analyzing biomolecular structures and mycobacterial interactions with reactive oxygen species and antioxidants.

This review discusses the role of nanocarrier systems, such as nanoemulsions and liposomes, in delivering antioxidants into the skin to counteract oxidative stress, highlighting recent advancements in topical antioxidant therapy through nanotechnology.

This review discusses the roles of metabolism, reactive oxygen species, intracellular pH, and cell morphology in influencing cell fate decisions during stem cell differentiation but reports no new experimental results.

This study suggests that short-term treatments with specific small molecules may enhance the differentiation potential and stem cell properties of human amniotic fluid stem cells.

This review examines the use of selenium and vitamin E supplements for reducing prostate cancer risk, finding mixed evidence that suggests benefits may be limited to individuals with specific risk factors, like low baseline levels or smoking history, rather than broadly applicable.

In this study, a 6-month randomized controlled trial with postmenopausal women reported that supplementing with soy protein isolate with isoflavones led to significant improvements in skin hydration and reduced wrinkles and facial pigment intensity, but did not affect sebum production.

The researchers reported that marine-derived saccharides, specifically L-fucose and chondroitin sulphate disaccharide, supported skin and hair health by promoting cellular proliferation, enhancing extracellular matrix production, and aiding the hair cycle's growth phase, potentially minimizing aging effects.

This review highlights the role of chronic stress, oxidative stress, and immune processes in the development of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and polycystic ovary syndrome, emphasizing the potential of antioxidants in their treatment based on the existing literature.

This study found that women who wear the hijab have a different scalp microbiome composition compared to those who do not, with specific bacteria and fungi more prominent in each group, suggesting a higher susceptibility to seborrheic dermatitis among hijab wearers.

Melatonin helps broccoli roots produce anti-cancer compounds by controlling nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide levels.

This review highlights that iron deficiency is a significant yet often overlooked contributor to the development of immune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, suggesting that iron dysregulation may drive inflammation and metabolic imbalances in conditions like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.

This review describes bioengineering strategies to mimic the natural cell microenvironment in vitro, emphasizing the novel approach of using cell-synthesized extracellular matrix as a scaffold for engineering functional 3D tissues, while highlighting the limitations of exogenous scaffolds in tissue engineering.

This review discusses the potential of optical techniques for diagnosing and treating oxidative stress-related hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, highlighting the need for non-invasive diagnostic methods and the anti-oxidative potential of optical therapies; it reports no new clinical results.

This review highlights that post-oncologic skin suffers from several impairments following cancer treatments, and dermocosmetic strategies, particularly those involving nanocarriers, can enhance the efficacy and stability of antioxidants, thereby aiding skin regeneration and improving quality of life.

This study found that DGAT1 exhibits additional acyltransferase activities in vitro, including MGAT, wax synthase, and ARAT activities, suggesting these could be relevant to its in vivo functions.

This study found that DGAT1 functions as a key enzyme in murine skin to regulate retinoic acid levels and prevent retinoid toxicity, impacting hair cycle and sensitivity to retinol.

This study found that combining minoxidil and retinol additively promoted hair growth in vitro, enhancing Erk- and Akt-dependent pathways and preventing apoptosis in dermal papilla cells and keratinocytes.

This study found that the retinol dehydrogenases SDR16C5 and SDR16C6 in mice play a crucial role in skin retinol dehydrogenase activity, affecting hair growth and gland functions without impacting survival.

This study found that TRP-hair essence significantly protected and improved the quality of human hair, particularly against heat stress, by enhancing cuticle health and maintaining hair color.

The researchers reported that disrupting ATRA signaling by deleting RDHE genes in the hair follicle led to altered hair follicle cycles, composition, and gene expression, indicating RDHEs' role in hair follicle signaling coordination.

This study concluded that although RBP4 and adiponectin levels are associated with visceral fat, they do not independently contribute to the development of PCOS.

This study concluded that high-dose oral therapy with L-cystine, gelatin, and vitamin A significantly improved hair growth indicators in patients with diffuse hair loss, with no systemic side effects observed.

This study observed that proretinal nanoparticles delivered significantly higher concentrations of retinal to the stratum corneum and hair follicles compared to non-particulate forms, potentially improving topical retinoid therapy.

This review discusses the role of RDH12 in vision, its structural and functional aspects, and related disease mechanisms, but reports no new clinical results; it aims to support therapy development for inherited retinal dystrophies.

This study found that individuals with alopecia areata had significantly higher serum levels of retinol-binding protein 4 and increased IgG immunoreactivity against it, suggesting a role in the disease's pathogenesis.

This study observed that patients with recurrent furunculosis had different cytokine profiles compared to healthy subjects and that retinol stimulation altered cytokine secretion in both groups.

This case report describes a possible association between topical 5% minoxidil use and inferior hemiretinal artery occlusion in a 21-year-old Asian Indian male with androgenic alopecia.

Women with idiopathic hirsutism and PCOS have higher RBP4 levels, and PCOS is linked to greater insulin resistance; weight management may help both conditions.