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In this prospective case-control study, researchers found that women with any phenotype of polycystic ovary syndrome exhibited increased retinal nerve fiber layer and choroidal thickness compared to healthy controls, with changes correlated to body mass index.

This case report highlights a 42-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus who exhibited fundus changes indicating retinal vasculitis, underlining the importance of regular ocular fundus examinations for early detection of severe disease complications.

This study in a rat model found that dietary rehabilitation with a high protein diet reversed symptoms of kwashiorkor, suggesting a role for free radicals in its development.

This study found that a dietary change in common marmosets significantly reduced in vitro erythrocyte haemolysis, improved skin lesions, and promoted complete fur regrowth, possibly due to increased vitamin E levels.

This review discusses the higher prevalence of retinal changes in alopecia areata patients and suggests a potential connection to Minoxidil, but emphasizes the lack of a proposed mechanism or extensive literature on this association.

This study found that excess vitamin A in organ cultures of mouse embryos led to significant changes in epidermis and hair follicles, altering morphogenesis and polysaccharide distribution.

This study found that excess vitamin A induced stable glandular morphogenesis and mucous metaplasia in embryonic mouse vibrissa follicles, even after switching to standard medium.

This study found that while the macular, retinal nerve fiber layer, and retinal layers' thickness were similar between alopecia areata patients and controls, the choroidal thickness was significantly thicker in the alopecia areata group, suggesting potential inflammation-related changes.

Long-term use of canthaxanthin may cause reversible changes in the eye, including crystal deposits and altered vision responses.

Aging causes hair loss and graying due to stem cell decline and changes in cell behavior and communication.

This study found that vitamin A treatment in rats reduced hyperplastic-dysplastic changes and sebaceous gland hypertrophy associated with 3,4-benzpyrene-induced tumors.

This study found that lipid and acne inhibitive cream improved the skin condition in a rabbit ear acne model, showing significant changes in follicular cornification.

This study concluded that high-dose oral therapy with L-cystine, gelatin, and vitamin A significantly improved hair growth indicators in patients with diffuse hair loss, with no systemic side effects observed.

In this study, 650 nm low-level red light therapy may cause a short-term transient increase in retinal fovea perfusion density in children, with no lasting effects observed at 1 hour post-treatment.

This study found that the Lim-homeodomain transcription factor Lhx2 regulates Sonic Hedgehog signaling during early retinal neurogenesis in mice by controlling the expression of pathway genes in retinal progenitor cells.

This study found that fluorescence excitation spectroscopy could be a promising noninvasive tool for assessing the effects of comedolytic agents like retinoids on acne-like lesions in rhino mice.

This study found that both metformin and rosiglitazone improved ovulation and insulin sensitivity in women with PCOS, with rosiglitazone showing a more pronounced increase in adiponectin levels.

This review discusses new research on the role of retinoids in skin and hair health and reports no clinical results.

This study revealed that chronic restraint stress in mice led to significant alterations in metabolic pathways and gene expression associated with hair growth inhibition, using metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses.

This study reported the formulation of a new cream combining niacinamide and retinol aimed at reducing hyperpigmentation and providing anti-aging and moisturizing effects. It found that the cream remained stable under various environmental conditions and did not cause skin irritation in patch tests.

In this study using SKH-1 mice, researchers observed that acute UVB exposure increased expression of retinoid metabolism proteins and decreased retinol storage enzyme levels, suggesting enhanced retinoic acid synthesis in the epidermis.

This source describes the development of a new cream combining salicylic acid and retinol, assessed for its potential to alleviate itching in dermatitis and treat acne vulgaris, with stability and patch testing indicating no irritation or allergic reactions.

This study found that retinoic acid and a retinol complex formulation showed different permeation and compound localization in a skin equivalent model, with unique lipid changes observed with only the retinol formulation.

In this experimental study, researchers found that intravitreal injections of up to 100μg of topotecan in rabbits caused no systemic or ocular toxicity, while 200μg doses resulted in localized retinal changes and decreased electroretinography amplitudes near the injection site.

This case series observed that macular changes from popper use can resolve completely after cessation, even in individuals with chronic use.

The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

This study found that dual inhibition of BACE1 and BACE2 in mice affects melanosome maturation and causes dose-dependent hair depigmentation without altering retinal morphology.

In this case report, researchers observed that local radiation therapy to the orbits may not be sufficient to halt progression of new retinal lesions in older patients, even when the disease initially appears confined to the intraocular space.

This case study reports that prolonged high-dose vitamin A intake led to multiple adverse health effects in a young man, which mostly resolved after stopping the supplement, although liver changes persisted.

This report describes a novel mutation in the CDH3 gene in an 11-year-old Iranian boy with hypotrichosis and juvenile macular dystrophy, indicating a new genetic variant associated with the disorder.