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PCOS is a hormonal disorder causing symptoms like irregular periods and acne, and increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

Medical treatments like chemotherapy and radiotherapy can harm sperm production, so freezing sperm before treatment is important for men who want children later.

Sulfotransferase SULT1A1 activity may predict minoxidil treatment success for hair loss.

The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

Women with PCOS should be screened for heart disease risk and manage their health to prevent it.

Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

VEGF helps hair grow and determines follicle size by increasing blood vessel growth.

Epithelial stem cells are crucial for tissue renewal and repair, and understanding them could improve treatments for damage and cancer.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Testosterone is important for men's sexual function, may help some women's sexual desire, while other hormones and neurotransmitters also play complex roles in sexual behavior.

The Rotterdam Study updated findings on elderly health, focusing on heart disease, genetics, lifestyle effects, and disease understanding.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Isotretinoin is highly effective in treating severe acne, rosacea, and gram-negative folliculitis.

Zinc is effective for treating various skin conditions, including warts and acne.

Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

Modulating BMP activity changes the number, size, shape, and type of ectodermal organs.

Over one-third of women experience hair loss, with female-pattern hair loss being most common, and treatments include minoxidil and possibly hair transplantation.