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This review covers the molecular basis of Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome and its implications for potential therapeutic targets, but it does not report new experimental results.

This study found that TSC2-null fibroblast cells from TSC skin hamartomas can induce hair follicle formation and hamartomatous changes in keratinocytes, with active mTOR signaling observable in a mouse xenograft model.

This review explores how cell and mouse models have contributed to understanding the mechanisms of human aging, particularly focusing on Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome, and reports no new clinical results.

This study developed a kidney-specific knockout mouse model lacking the Flcn gene, which recapitulates human Birt-Hogg-Dubé kidney tumorigenesis and shows that mTOR pathway inhibition with rapamycin can suppress tumor growth.

This study identified new potential targets and indications for several marketed drugs using in silico profiling, suggesting opportunities for drug repositioning.

This study found that the absence of the stress-responsive protein Sesn2 increased hair cell susceptibility to gentamicin in the inner ear, indicating Sesn2's potential protective role against aminoglycoside-induced damage.

This study demonstrated that genetically engineered stem cells from human hair follicles can reverse hyperglycemia and reduce mortality in mice with type 1 diabetes by overexpressing the human insulin gene.

This review examines nonmalignant skin toxicities from immunosuppressive and transplant-related medications, emphasizing the need for effective identification and management by care providers; it presents no new research findings.

In this study with organ-cultured human scalp hair follicles, high mTORC1 activity correlated with gray/white hair and reduced pigmentation, while inhibiting mTORC1 with rapamycin increased hair growth and pigmentation, suggesting mTORC1 inhibition could be a strategy for treating hair depigmentation and loss.

This review summarizes recent findings on how the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway contributes to immune-mediated inflammatory skin disorders and discusses the potential of natural products, synthetic compounds, and biologic agents in their treatment. However, it emphasizes the need for further research to develop effective therapies.

This study found that rapamycin effectively inhibits TPA-induced keratinocyte proliferation and skin tumor promotion by targeting mTORC1 signaling in both wild-type and transgenic mice.

This review discusses the effects of calorie restriction on skin aging, highlighting its potential to benefit skin health by reducing age-related and photo-induced changes, although the impact of certain diets remains unexplored.

Renal transplant patients on tacrolimus and sirolimus may develop acne keloidalis nuchae.

This study found that folliculin deficient renal cancer cells were more sensitive to irradiation due to increased autophagic cell death, suggesting a potentially enhanced therapeutic approach when combined with autophagy inducers like rapamycin.

This study found that inhibiting mTORC1 activity with rapamycin increased both hair growth and pigmentation in human scalp hair follicles, suggesting a potential strategy for treating greying and hair loss.

Sirolimus can reduce tumor cell size in TSC-related skin tumors, but continuous treatment is needed to maintain benefits.

This case report describes a rare occurrence of tacrolimus-induced atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome in a pediatric liver transplant patient, where discontinuation of tacrolimus resolved symptoms and re-initiation was later tolerated without recurrence.

In this study, a nanoparticle system codelivering diphenylcyclopropenone and rapamycin successfully induced immune tolerance and promoted hair regrowth in a mouse model of alopecia areata, offering a promising new therapeutic strategy for this autoimmune condition.

This study found that activating autophagy in hair follicle stem cells can promote hair growth by shifting their metabolism to glycolysis, while inhibiting it led to delayed hair cycle progression.

This study found that platelet-rich plasma therapy significantly promoted hair growth in androgenetic alopecia model mice by enhancing autophagy, with effects similar to rapamycin treatment.

This study found that autophagy activation in hair follicle stem cells shifted their metabolism to glycolysis, which promoted hair growth by initiating the hair follicle cycle.

Modified HDL can better deliver drugs and genes, potentially improving treatments and reducing side effects.

This article reviews emerging therapies for androgenetic alopecia, highlighting advances like androgen-receptor antagonists and improved minoxidil delivery that aim to enhance treatment efficacy and safety.

This literature review highlights the critical importance of early dermatological diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis, focusing on its genetic basis, dermatological markers, and the role of genetic testing and multidisciplinary support, while discussing treatment options like mTOR inhibitors and their limitations.

This retrospective pharmacovigilance study identified 34 drugs, including finasteride and dutasteride, that may be associated with sexual dysfunction, with a higher risk observed in males aged 31-45.

This study suggests that the key mechanism of stress-related hair loss involves CRH-induced PTEN loss, which reduces autophagy and increases apoptosis in dermal papilla cells, highlighting potential therapeutic targets like PTEN activation or autophagy enhancement.

This study found that stress-related hair loss may be driven by CRH-mediated mechanisms that inhibit autophagy and increase apoptosis in dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential therapeutic targets like PTEN activation or rapamycin to enhance autophagy.

In this study using mouse models, researchers found that stress-related hair loss may occur due to CRH-induced PTEN loss and inhibition of autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in dermal papilla cells, suggesting potential treatments through PTEN activation or autophagy enhancement.

This study found that topically applied melatonin exerts significant anti-aging effects on human scalp skin ex vivo, including increased SIRT1 expression and reduced mTORC1 pathway activity.

In a rat scalp expansion model, this study found that activating autophagy with rapamycin enhanced skin regeneration during tissue expansion by increasing expanded skin area, epidermis and dermis thicknesses, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and other regenerative factors, whereas blocking autophagy reversed these effects.