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TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

New treatments for advanced skin cancer are improving patient outcomes, but drug resistance and finding the right treatment combinations are still big challenges.

Vitamin D and estrogen may help protect heart and kidney health, and maintaining sufficient vitamin D levels could be especially beneficial for African Americans, postmenopausal women, and people with chronic kidney disease.

VEGF stimulates hair cell growth and increases growth receptor levels through a specific signaling pathway.

Tannic acid helps wounds heal faster in rats by activating certain cell signals and reducing inflammation.

Increased FGFR2b signaling, influenced by androgens, plays a role in causing acne.

HAPLN1 can promote hair growth and may help treat hair loss.

The androgen receptor is a promising target for breast cancer treatment, especially in triple-negative cases, but more research is needed for personalized therapies.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

Metformin may help treat neuroendocrine tumors.

Using protein degradation to fight cancer drug resistance shows promise but needs more precise targeting and fewer side effects.

Cancer treatments targeting specific cells and the immune system can cause skin, mouth, hair, and nail problems, affecting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

The document concludes that the immune-inhibitory environment of the hair follicle may prevent melanoma development.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

New treatments targeting skin stem cells show promise for skin repair, anti-aging, and cancer therapy.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) doesn't affect rat skin cell growth, but it does change cell cycle, protein levels, and other cell functions, potentially shortening hair growth cycle.

Herbs might help with hair loss, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Cancer survivors often experience worse skin problems from treatment than expected, and working with dermatologists could help improve their condition.

Gray hair can potentially be reversed, leading to new treatments.

The document concludes that while some organisms can regenerate body parts, mammals generally cannot, and cancer progression is complex, involving mutations rather than a strict stem cell hierarchy.

Melatonin directly affects mouse hair follicles and may influence hair growth.

Targeted anticancer therapies can cause severe side effects similar to traditional chemotherapy, but with different types.

Melanoma's complexity requires personalized treatments due to key genetic mutations and tumor-initiating cells.

Myc activation reduces skin stem cells by affecting cell adhesion.

Enzymes are classified into six types and are essential for many biological processes, with only a few targeted by drugs.

Decursin shows promise for treating cancer, neuroprotection, inflammation, and hair loss.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause skin side effects, needing dermatologist care.

Salvia plebeia extract can stimulate hair growth.