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Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Potassium channel openers could help treat cardiovascular diseases and asthma but require better targeting to specific tissues for effective use.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

Minoxidil effectively treats hair loss, but use cautiously and monitor side effects.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Stress increases nerve fibers and immune cell activity in mouse skin, possibly worsening skin conditions.

Smoking harms the skin, causing early aging and increasing cancer risk, but stopping smoking can improve skin health.

Aminopterin strongly suppresses epithelial tissues and can treat certain skin conditions but has significant side effects.

New topical antifungals and delivery systems are improving treatment for fungal skin infections, but patient education and prevention are key.

Platelet-rich plasma may help with hair growth and skin quality but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness.

Finasteride may cause long-lasting sexual side effects.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

Liposomes could improve how skin care products work but are costly and not very stable.

South Asian women with PCOS are more likely to have metabolic issues and central obesity, and simple measures like waist size and blood pressure can help identify these risks early.

Understanding the mouse hair cycle is crucial for cancer research.

Minoxidil is the only FDA-approved topical drug for treating male or female pattern hair loss, and other medications like finasteride and dutasteride can also increase hair growth.

ICG-enhanced NIR laser therapy may be a promising acne treatment with improvement and no side effects.

The document concludes that understanding the sebaceous gland's development and function is key to addressing related skin diseases and aging effects.

UV radiation can help sterilize wounds and promote healing but requires careful use to avoid damaging cells.

Recombinant cytokine therapy can cause skin reactions ranging from mild to severe.

Skin surface lipids are important for skin health and altering them could help prevent aging and treat skin conditions.

The document concludes that proper diagnosis and a combination of medical, hair-care, and surgical treatments are important for managing alopecia in black women.

Treating psoriasis on the scalp, nails, and skin folds is challenging, often requiring systemic treatments for severe cases, with some success in topical and biologic treatments.

Thymus transplantation successfully restored immune function in infants with FOXN1 deficiency.

COVID-19 can cause skin issues like rashes and "COVID toes," and people with skin conditions should adjust their treatments if they get the virus.

Fullerenes show potential in skin care but need more safety research.

5% minoxidil foam once daily works as well as 2% minoxidil solution twice daily for female hair growth and is more convenient.

Finasteride effectively treats hidradenitis suppurativa for most patients.