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Thallium is highly toxic, causing severe health issues, and Prussian blue is the best antidote.

Researchers developed a mouse model that successfully mimics the bladder damage seen in humans after radiation therapy.

Certain microRNAs are linked to various skin diseases and could be used to diagnose and treat these conditions.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia may be caused by changes in how the body processes male hormones.

Short telomeres contribute to aging and cancer, and while telomerase can delay aging, it may also promote cancer.

The conclusion is that standardizing testosterone measurement methods is essential for better diagnosis accuracy in women.

PSA levels could help detect illegal steroid use in female athletes but face challenges like cost and PCOS prevalence.

Finasteride and tamsulosin hydrochloride can be safely taken together without significant interaction.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is crucial for conditions like male-pattern baldness and acne, and measuring a byproduct, androstanediol glucuronide, is a better way to assess DHT's effects than DHT blood levels.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

Zinc is effective for treating various skin conditions, including warts and acne.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Methotrexate is a key, cost-effective drug for skin conditions, but requires careful monitoring for side effects.

Low testosterone and 5α-reductase inhibitors can harm men's metabolic and sexual health; testosterone therapy may help, but discussing 5α-RIs' side effects is important.

Nanomaterials in biomedicine can improve treatments but may have risks like toxicity, needing more safety research.

Higher fluoride levels may delay puberty in boys.

α-spinasterol from Melandrium firmum can help reduce prostate enlargement.

Ketoconazole increases finasteride's effectiveness and lifespan in the body.

Cosmeceuticals may benefit skin health but need more research for efficacy and safety confirmation.

Heavy metals like arsenic, cadmium, and lead can increase cancer risk and worsen outcomes.

Oral zinc sulphate is an effective and safe treatment for thallium poisoning.

Shrinking skin cancer increases the chance of cancer in nearby lymph nodes.

Oral retinoids are effective for severe skin conditions but require careful use due to side effects.

Certain microRNAs in the fluid around eggs are linked to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and may help diagnose it.

Toxic shock syndrome is caused by a complex interaction of bacterial toxins and the immune system, and understanding this can help improve diagnosis and treatment.

Some Middle Eastern plants may help treat diabetes and could be alternatives to current drugs, but more research is needed.

Men with hair loss have more DNA changes in back-of-head hair follicles, possibly protecting them from thinning.

Minoxidil helps prevent hair loss from chemotherapy in rats.

Prostate-specific antigen may be a new marker for excess male hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

A 17-year-old female with adrenogenital syndrome produces very high levels of androgens, which prevent complete feminization despite high estrogen doses.