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Antiandrogens are effective for conditions like prostate cancer and skin issues, but more research is needed to confirm their benefits and minimize side effects.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Existing drug dexamethasone may lower death risk in severe COVID-19 cases; more research needed for other drugs.

Some Middle Eastern plants may help treat diabetes and could be alternatives to current drugs, but more research is needed.

FGF9 controls which receptors it binds to through a process where two FGF9 molecules join, and changes in FGF9 can lead to incorrect receptor activation.

The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.

Antiandrogens, particularly flutamide and CPA, are most effective for treating hirsutism, with long-term use needed for best results.

Wnt signaling is important for development and cell regulation but can cause diseases like cancer when not working properly.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism and acne but less so for hair loss, with side effects similar to birth control pills.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. may help treat hair loss by affecting specific biological pathways.

Serenoa repens (saw palmetto) may cause side effects like hot flashes in children and needs more research for safety in pediatric use.

Steroid hormones are crucial for body functions and have various medical uses, but their misuse can lead to dependence.

Spironolactone most effective for hirsutism, but has side effects.

Hormonal treatments can help with acne but are not the first choice due to side effects and the need for careful patient selection.

Scientists have created a new hair loss treatment using ultrasound to deliver gene-editing particles, which resulted in up to 90% hair regrowth in mice.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective FDA-approved treatments for androgenetic alopecia.

Finasteride can cause one-sided breast enlargement, which disappears after stopping the drug.

Certain microRNAs are more common in balding areas and might be involved in male pattern baldness.

The document concludes that various drugs can manage symptoms and metabolic issues in women with PCOS.

Most treatments for hair loss in 1997 were not effective for most people, and maintaining hair growth was difficult.

Over 50% of women over 50 experience hair loss, with minoxidil being the only proven effective treatment.

Finasteride affects frog testes by increasing testosterone, decreasing 5α-DHT, and impacting genes related to reproduction and other functions.

New steroids were effective in blocking male hormone receptors in hamster prostates.

Birth control pills with low-dose estrogen and antiandrogenic progestins can effectively treat acne.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

The guideline recommends mental health involvement in diagnosing gender identity disorder and outlines hormone and surgical treatment protocols, emphasizing safety, informed consent, and long-term monitoring.

DHEA stimulates skin oil glands and could help postmenopausal women, with potential for acne and excessive hair growth treatments.

Finasteride, CPA, and flutamide are all equally effective in reducing excessive hair growth in women.

Mushrooms have beneficial properties for skin and hair care products and have great potential for future cosmetic use.