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Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Estrogens can improve skin aging but carry risks; more research is needed on safer treatments.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Special fiber materials boost the healing properties of certain stem cells.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Early development of hair, teeth, and glands involves specific signaling pathways and cellular interactions.

Blocking JAK-STAT signaling can lead to hair growth.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Understanding hair growth involves complex interactions between molecules and could help treat hair disorders.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.

Aging causes skin stem cells to work less effectively.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

Memory regulatory T cells need IL-7, not IL-2, to stay in peripheral tissues.

Different types of stem cells with unique roles exist in blood, skin, and intestines, and this variety is important for tissue repair.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.

TGF-β signaling is crucial for stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and has implications for cancer treatment.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Low doses of some substances can be beneficial, while high doses can be harmful or toxic.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Substances from Chinese medicines show promise for immune support and disease prevention, but the way they are processed affects their effectiveness.