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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

β-catenin in the dermal papilla is crucial for normal hair growth and repair.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Treatments that reduce oxidative stress and fix mitochondrial problems may help heal chronic wounds.

Stem cell offspring help control their parent stem cells, affecting tissue health, healing, and cancer.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

Understanding where cancer cells come from helps create better prevention and treatment methods.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Chemotherapy causes hair loss by damaging hair follicles and stem cells, with more research needed for prevention and treatment.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Stem cells help heal skin wounds by moving and changing roles, working with other cells, and needing more research on their activation and behavior.

Artificial skin development has challenges, but new materials and understanding cell behavior could improve tissue repair. Also, certain growth factors and hydrogel technology show promise for advanced skin replacement therapies.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

PRP injections increase hair density and satisfaction in androgenetic alopecia patients.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Chitosan nanofiber scaffolds improve skin healing and are promising for wound treatment.

Blocking JAK-STAT signaling can lead to hair growth.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.

Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

Hair follicles may soon be used more for targeted and systemic drug delivery.

Vitamin D is important for skin health and may affect conditions like psoriasis and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand its role fully.

Stem cell therapy, particularly using certain types of cells, shows promise for treating hair loss by stimulating hair growth and development, but more extensive trials are needed to confirm these findings.