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Most cases of excessive hair growth in women are caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome and are linked to higher free testosterone levels.

Long-term use of oral contraceptives, especially starting before age 20, may increase the risk of early-onset breast cancer.

A drug improved schizophrenia-like symptoms in stressed rats by changing brain steroid levels.

Cyproterone acetate with ethinyl estradiol is effective for treating skin symptoms related to high androgen levels, like in PCOS.

Most women with excessive hair growth have a hormonal cause.

Women with epilepsy on certain medications might gain weight and have higher thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, but not more polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Pigs in farrowing crates and loose-housing systems showed no difference in chronic stress levels as measured by hair cortisol.

Cabergoline is more effective and has fewer side effects than bromocriptine for treating women with hyperprolactinemic amenorrhea.

Taking biotin can lead to incorrect low results in free testosterone tests.

Minoxidil can cause severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome in rare cases.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate, shrinks it, improves urination, but may cause sexual dysfunction and isn't for women or children.

An unusual growth of Leydig cells in a woman's ovaries caused her excessive hair growth, which was treated successfully with surgery.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Curcumin improved some metabolic factors in women with PCOS but did not affect cholesterol, insulin, or testosterone levels.

Reduced androgens linked to kinky hair disorder and hair loss; 5a-reductase inhibitors may help.

The GH-IGF-I axis is likely involved in the hormonal imbalances seen in non-obese women with functional hyperandrogenism.

Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

A 36-year-old person with a female appearance but male chromosomes was diagnosed with a rare enzyme deficiency affecting sexual development.

Finasteride, a hair loss medication, was found to be safe and effective in improving hair quality and stopping hair loss in men with early-onset baldness.

Trilostane effectively treated hair loss in Alaskan Malamutes with no adverse effects.

Ovarian vein sampling helped diagnose rare ovarian tumors causing high testosterone, and surgery to remove the tumors lowered the testosterone levels.

The removed ovarian tumor was a rare type of blood vessel tumor that improved the patient's symptoms and hormone levels after surgery.

Women with PCOS, especially those overweight, have higher levels of IL-18 in their endometrium, which may affect fertility.

Women with PCOS often have insulin resistance, abnormal lipid levels, and a higher risk of diabetes and heart disease; lifestyle changes and medication like metformin can help manage these risks.

Women with PCOS often have metabolic issues like insulin resistance and a higher risk of diabetes and abnormal lipid levels.

The document concludes that diagnosing PCOS in teenagers is difficult and should focus on specific hormone levels and menstrual irregularities, while also considering treatment for symptoms and related health issues.

Indian women with PCOS from Delhi and Srinagar show different symptoms, with Delhi women having higher obesity and blood sugar issues, and Srinagar women showing more hair growth and testosterone levels.

The document does not confirm if radical prostatectomy is the best treatment for locally advanced prostate cancer.

Low testosterone does not prevent prostate cancer in men with type 1 diabetes.