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Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

Experts agree that PCOS affects women's health in complex ways, but more research is needed to understand and treat it effectively.

The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.

Off-pump heart surgery reduces complications without affecting survival rates compared to on-pump surgery.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

Anabolic steroids can build muscle and strength but have risks and need more research on their clinical benefits and side effects.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is a prohormone important for producing sex steroids and has potential health benefits.

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

Air pollution worsens skin diseases and aging by causing inflammation and oxidative stress.

Lichen Planus is a less common condition affecting skin and mucous membranes, with various types and associated risk factors, challenging to diagnose, significantly impacts life quality, and may have a risk of cancerous changes in oral lesions.

Manage vitiligo with treatments, address emotions, and use camouflage techniques.

The document likely offers guidance on treating a woman's excessive hair growth, considering her symptoms and obesity.

The document concludes that the fast-growing direct-to-consumer genetic testing market lacks sufficient regulation, posing risks to consumers due to questionable test quality and accuracy.

Hair loss and aging are caused by the breakdown of a key protein in hair stem cells.

AGA causes hair loss by shrinking hair follicles due to DHT binding, and can be treated with finasteride and minoxidil.

The conclusion is that proper signaling is crucial for hair growth and development, and errors can lead to cancer or hair loss.

Chemotherapy causes hair loss by damaging hair follicles and stem cells, with more research needed for prevention and treatment.

Hair follicle stem cells use specific chromatin changes to control their growth and differentiation.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.

Androgens can help prevent memory problems caused by apoE4.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

Effective treatments for male pattern baldness include oral finasteride and topical minoxidil, while topical minoxidil is best for female pattern baldness.

Palliative chemotherapy is cost-effective for advanced gastric and colorectal cancer but not clearly for pancreatic-biliary cancer.

Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.

Aging causes skin stem cells to work less effectively.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.