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This study concluded that mixtures of weak endocrine disruptors, such as parabens and azole fungicides, can produce combination effects that should be considered in regulatory risk assessments to avoid underestimating potential risks.

The researchers reported that the rat Hershberger assay reliably detected endocrine-disrupting effects of finasteride, procymidone, and 17α-methyltestosterone, validating the assay's sensitivity for identifying hormonal activity.

This study investigated the modes of action of selected pesticides, suggesting that prochloraz and tebuconazole are linked to reproductive disorders via steroidogenesis disruption, while mancozeb involves inflammatory processes.

Using testosterone-stimulated weanling rats can effectively replace castrated rats for anti-androgen testing, reducing animal stress.

This review examines the effects of antiandrogens on female reproductive systems, particularly regarding environmental endocrine disruptors, and presents no new research findings.

In this study, MMF plus prednisolone was found to induce remission in 81% of patients with proliferative lupus nephritis, with fewer adverse effects such as alopecia and amenorrhea compared to CYC plus prednisolone, despite similar overall remission rates.

This review summarizes the use of chlormadinone acetate for hormone replacement therapy and contraception, highlighting its anti-androgenic effects, contraceptive efficacy, and clinical tolerability, without offering new clinical results.

This study surveyed patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and found that glucocorticoid treatment commonly leads to adverse effects, particularly sleep disturbance, mood swings, and weight gain, with more severe effects reported by female patients.

This research describes the synthesis of 16β-chloro- and 16β-bromo-cyproterone acetate, detailing the chemical processes involved, but reports no clinical outcomes.

This study observed that while dexamethasone-cyclophosphamide pulse therapy is relatively free from hypertension and diabetes compared to conventional steroids in pemphigus patients, it frequently causes generalized weakness and flushing.

This study found that cyproterone acetate treatment improved quality of life and reduced anxiety and depressive symptoms in women with skin manifestations of hyperandrogenism.

In this study, male rats exposed in utero to low-dose chemical mixtures had permanent reproductive tract alterations, suggesting additive effects even at doses below individual adverse levels.

This paper discusses mechanisms by which various chemicals disrupt male sexual differentiation, concluding that mixture risk assessments should include a broader set of compounds beyond phthalates to address cumulative reproductive health risks.

This review discusses the pharmacological properties and clinical applications of cyproterone acetate and similar antiandrogens, noting previous failures in local applications due to concentration limitations; it reports no new empirical results.

This review outlines chlormadinone acetate's contraceptive and non-contraceptive applications but reports no new clinical findings, emphasizing its potential in treating dysmenorrhea and androgen-related conditions.

This study found a strong dose-related increase in the risk of intracranial meningiomas associated with high doses of cyproterone acetate, with some reduction in risk after stopping the treatment.

This study found that while cyclophosphamide remains effective for severe autoimmune conditions, it is associated with gastrointestinal side effects, infections, some cases of irreversible amenorrhoea, and a higher risk of malignancies, emphasizing the need for long-term monitoring.

In this study, patients with varying severities of acne, seborrhoea, and hirsutism responded differently to Cyproteronacetate and Ethinyloestradiol treatment, with improvement rates dependent on symptom severity and treatment duration.

Cyproterone and finasteride reduced hypersexuality but caused serious side effects.

This study found that some synthesized heterocyclic derivatives showed promising 5α-reductase inhibitor, antiviral, and anti-tumor activities, surpassing several reference drugs in effectiveness.

This study found that Chinese female patients with systemic autoimmune diseases treated intravenously with cyclophosphamide were more likely to experience gastrointestinal discomfort, myelosuppression, and alopecia.

This study found that adding cyclophosphamide to glucocorticoid treatment for pemphigus patients led to earlier remission, with 89.5% achieving remission within 4 months compared to 73.9% with glucocorticoids alone, suggesting significant steroid-sparing effects and improved clinical outcomes.

This phase 2a trial evaluated Samcyprone for common wart treatment and found that while a sensitization reaction is necessary for therapeutic response, its level does not predict wart clearance.

In this study, tacrolimus-based treatment was found to result in fewer overall side effects compared to cyclosporine among Yemeni kidney transplant patients, although tacrolimus was associated with a higher incidence of diabetes.

Mitoxantrone with a corticosteroid helps manage symptoms for some advanced prostate cancer patients but doesn't extend life.

This study concluded that intramuscular administration of medium-dose cyproterone acetate with oral ethinylestradiol is highly effective in managing hirsutism, showing better response rates than high-dose oral treatment.

In this study, pemphigus vulgaris patients treated with high-dose prednisolone developed symptoms similar to those seen in corticosteroma, such as weight gain and muscle weakness, with increased risks of arterial hypertension and glucose metabolism disorders after 6 months of therapy.

This study found that prenatal exposure to finasteride in rats led to permanent changes in developmental endpoints like anogenital distance and nipple retention, which were predictive of further reproductive tract malformations.

This review discusses the multifactorial etiology of hypospadias, including genetic predispositions and possible environmental factors, and highlights the need for further studies on genetic and environmental contributions to its increasing prevalence, without presenting new findings.