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AGA causes hair loss by shrinking hair follicles due to DHT binding, and can be treated with finasteride and minoxidil.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Cathepsin L is essential for normal hair growth and development.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

The document concludes that adenosine receptor agonists have potential for treating various conditions, but only a few are approved due to challenges like side effects and the need for selective activation.

Fat-derived stem cells show promise for skin repair and reducing aging signs but need more research for consistent results.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Male hormones like testosterone may make COVID-19 worse, and testing for sensitivity to these hormones could help predict how severe a patient's symptoms might be. Treatments that reduce these hormones are being explored.

Fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling controls cell development and repair, and its malfunction can cause disorders and cancer, but it also offers potential for targeted therapies.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Skin fat helps with body temperature control and has other active roles in health.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Skin problems in COVID-19 patients are rare and may be due to the body's complex immune response or blood clotting issues.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

Mesenchymal stem cells show potential for skin healing and anti-aging, but more research is needed for safe use, especially regarding stem cells from induced pluripotent sources.

Certain mice without specific receptors or mast cells don't lose hair from stress.

Targeting the skin's endocannabinoid system could help treat skin disorders.

Some women with common hair loss may develop permanent hair loss.

Some plant-based treatments can help with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms, but more research is needed to confirm their safety and effectiveness.

Macrophages are vital for skin healing, hair growth, salt balance, and cancer defense.

Certain fungi and bacteria help orchid seeds germinate and plants grow better.

Lymphocytes, especially CD8+ T cells, play a key role in causing alopecia areata, and targeting them may lead to new treatments.

Both mouse and rat models are effective for testing alopecia areata treatments.

Keratinocytes control how melanocytes work.

Use "female pattern hair loss" term, assess androgen excess, treat with minoxidil and other medications if needed.

Wounds on the face usually heal with scars, but understanding how some wounds heal without scars could lead to better treatments.

The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.

Men are more likely to get infectious skin diseases, while women are more prone to autoimmune and pigment-related skin conditions, influenced by biological and environmental factors.

Changes in skin microbes play a role in some skin diseases and could lead to new treatments.

Exosomes can improve skin health and offer new treatments for skin repair and rejuvenation.