25 citations,
June 2012 in “Endocrine” PCOS may start before birth, involves metabolic issues, and can be treated with drugs like metformin and lifestyle changes.
40 citations,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
991 citations,
January 2011 in “Nature Reviews Endocrinology” The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.
22 citations,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Certain finger length ratios and body hair patterns may predict side effects from birth control pills in women.
37 citations,
February 2013 in “Maturitas” Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.
January 2020 in “Proyecto de investigación:” Longer anogenital distance may indicate a higher chance of having polycystic ovary syndrome, and measuring this distance along with hormone levels could improve diagnosis.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.
284 citations,
February 2008 in “Pediatrics” Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.
1 citations,
June 2022 in “Frontiers in Neuroanatomy” Early hormones shape sex-specific differences in rat glands.
7 citations,
January 2022 in “Animal Reproduction” Using rodents for research shows that health problems in the womb can cause diseases later in life.
1 citations,
June 2023 in “Curēus” PCOS affects nearly 25% of female medical and dental students, impacting their academic and social lives.
May 2016 in “Cambridge University Press eBooks” Eating disorders are serious, often undiagnosed conditions requiring early treatment, with anorexia being the most deadly and binge-eating the most treatable.
1 citations,
May 2023 in “Cell reports medicine” Sons of mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have a higher risk of obesity and insulin resistance, possibly due to certain genes and factors passed down from their mothers.
February 2024 in “Biomedicines” Pregnant women with PCOS have higher levels of Neurokinin B in the placenta, especially with female babies.
11 citations,
November 2017 in “Hong Kong Medical Journal” Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.
February 2023 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Too much male hormone in mothers can negatively affect the sexual behavior of both male and female baby mice.
55 citations,
May 2019 in “Journal of Endocrinology” Androgens are important for female fertility and could help in IVF treatment, but also play a role in causing PCOS.
32 citations,
February 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer anogenital distance.
6 citations,
October 2018 in “Endocrinology” Prenatally androgenized ewes can model increased hair diameter in women with PCOS.
253 citations,
March 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.
4 citations,
August 2017 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Finger length ratio may indicate male hair loss.
42 citations,
August 2017 in “Human Reproduction” Women with polycystic ovary syndrome tend to have a longer distance between the clitoris and anus.
658 citations,
June 2003 in “Endocrine reviews” Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.
197 citations,
January 2019 in “Neuropsychopharmacology” Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.
29 citations,
February 2018 in “Genetics research international” Certain genetic variations are linked to increased androgen levels in PCOS, but more research is needed to understand these connections fully.
44 citations,
June 2012 in “Endocrinology” High levels of androgens during early development may cause PCOS-like symptoms.
5 citations,
January 2023 in “Fertility and sterility” Doctors are preparing to potentially perform uterus transplants in transgender women, considering technical, hormonal, and ethical factors.
Toxoplasma gondii infection may increase testosterone levels in males.
19 citations,
March 1998 in “Endocrinology” Male rats have more somatostatin neurons than females due to testosterone converting to estrogen during early development.
15 citations,
October 2018 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” Measuring the distance from the anus to the clitoris may moderately help diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome, especially in certain cases.