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Keratins change and are modified differently in skin layers and body parts.

This chapter reviews recent findings on androgen receptor function, structure, and interactions, highlighting post-translational modifications and mutations related to prostate cancer, but reports no new experimental results.

This study found that serine 44 in the N-terminal head domain of keratin 17 is phosphorylated in response to various stimuli affecting skin keratinocyte growth, linking K17 up-regulation with growth and stress responses in skin epithelium.

This thesis investigates the role of phosphorylation and the mutation F826L in modulating androgen receptor activity, but concludes that the precise effects are not yet fully clear.

This review discusses the features of regulatory T cells and the modulation of Foxp3, emphasizing post-translational modifications' impact on Treg function but reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the mechanisms of keratin 17 regulation in diseases such as psoriasis and cancers but presents no new experimental findings, calling for further exploration of anti-K17 therapies.

This review discusses the challenges in identifying specific hair follicle antigens involved in initiating alopecia areata and highlights the need for further research to understand its etiopathogenesis, reporting no new results.

The authors reviewed the mechanisms behind Kennedy's disease, noting advances in therapeutic strategies such as androgen deprivation and gene silencing that may soon expand treatment options for this incurable neuromuscular condition.

This review summarizes recent findings on the role of lactylation, a novel post-translational modification, in skin diseases, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target by linking metabolism, epigenetic regulation, and inflammatory processes.

This article reviews the role of keratins in epithelial function and structure, discussing their involvement in growth control, organelle functions, and pathomechanisms of disorders, but reports no new clinical results.

Keratins are crucial for cell structure, growth, and disease risk.

This chapter reviews keratins in skin epithelia, including their roles in cellular function and disease, and reports no new experimental results.

This study reports that PADI4, an enzyme involved in posttranslational protein modifications, regulates progenitor cell transitions in hair follicle development by repressing transcription and interacting with translational and ribosomal processes.

This article highlights that trichorrhexis nodosa, a common type of hair breakage, is influenced by factors like heat styling and chemical treatments, with potential FDA action on formaldehyde usage in hair products potentially altering its treatment approach.

This review summarizes recent genetic research on hidradenitis suppurativa, highlighting potential therapeutic targets and genetic mutations, but reports no new clinical findings.

This study found that keratin and other hair proteins in humans are extensively modified posttranslationally, which helps explain the structural characteristics of mature hair.

In this study, the researchers identified MJ04, a selective JAK3 inhibitor, as a promising candidate for promoting hair growth, demonstrating efficacy in both animal models and human hair follicle assays with a favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profile.

This review discusses auxin's role in regulating plant growth through TOR activation and translation reinitiation but reports no new experimental findings.

This comprehensive review suggests that CD44 signaling plays a significant role in post-natal skin wound healing and scar formation, with potential for therapeutic approaches targeting CD44 to shift from fibrotic scarring towards regenerative healing, including wound regeneration and hair neogenesis.

This study reviews the emerging role of protein S-palmitoylation in dermatology, highlighting its impact on skin functions like inflammation and barrier maintenance, and evaluating its potential as a therapeutic target for skin disorders such as alopecia and psoriasis.

This review discusses the role of histone marks in the transition between quiescence and proliferation in cells, and reports no new findings, emphasizing the potential existence of a histone "code" for quiescence.

This study found that methylprednisolone can block IgG-induced keratinocyte detachment in an animal model of pemphigus vulgaris, potentially by increasing the synthesis and modifying adhesion molecules.

This study found that the E3 ligases NEDD4 and NEDD4L regulate intestinal stem cell priming by degrading the LGR5 receptor, and their loss leads to increased Wnt activation and crypt proliferation, which in turn accelerates intestinal tumor progression in mice.

This study found that exposure to 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate in mouse skin caused changes in claudin expression and localization, indicating disruption and eventual recovery of the epidermal barrier.

This study highlights emerging research on lactate's biological roles in skin health, emphasizing its function as a signaling molecule that regulates skin barrier and immunity, and notes its therapeutic potential for skin conditions such as tumors and inflammatory diseases.

This review synthesizes current knowledge on choriogenesis, the final stage of oogenesis in insects, by exploring the role of follicle cells, regulatory mechanisms of gene expression, and the biochemical makeup of the eggshell, while also highlighting structural diversity and adaptations across insect species.

This review discusses the role and regulation of quiescent adult stem cells in tissue maintenance and repair, focusing on molecular mechanisms and their implications for regenerative medicine, but reports no new clinical results.

This review explores how sex differences influence the pathophysiology, incidence, and treatment outcomes of ischaemic heart disease, and emphasizes the need for more sex-specific research.

This review highlights the promising role of stem cell therapy in treating resistant diseases, while also addressing the challenges in production and clinical application, emphasizing the need for standardized manufacturing and quality assurance to enhance efficacy and safety in clinical translational research.

This study found that patients with post-finasteride syndrome exhibited major depressive disorder, severe erectile dysfunction, and neuropathy, alongside altered neuroactive steroid levels in cerebrospinal fluid.