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This study reviewed the challenges of delivering nucleic acids for gene therapy, highlighting the limitations of non-viral vehicles and exploring bioinspired strategies using cell membrane camouflage for improved delivery efficacy.

This review highlights that nanotechnology shows promise in improving cervical cancer treatment by specifically targeting cancer cells, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing side effects compared to conventional therapies.

This study found that treating paracoccidioidomycosis-infected mice with a nanoparticle formulation of itraconazole led to higher drug accumulation in lung, liver, and spleen tissues, improved treatment efficacy, and reduced side effects compared to traditional oral solutions.

In this study, polymeric micelles containing retinoic acid were found to improve targeted delivery to hair follicle structures in human skin more efficiently than a marketed retinoic acid gel, suggesting potentially safer and more effective acne treatment.

This review discusses nanoparticle-based topical delivery systems for treating skin diseases and presents no new clinical findings; it emphasizes natural polymer-based nanoparticles and future applications like targeted drug delivery.

This study concludes that phospholipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles may be an effective delivery system for quercetin in treating androgenic alopecia by improving hair regrowth and preventing hair follicle cell apoptosis in rat models.

This review discusses various nanoparticles and nanoemulsions being investigated for transdermal drug delivery and reports no clinical results; it highlights potential applications in treating alopecia, wound healing, psoriasis, and melanoma.

This review discusses lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles for dermatological applications, outlining their structural and formulation advancements, but reports no new clinical results and calls for further research on their therapeutic potential.

This review discusses the design and advances of lipid–polymer hybrid nanoparticles as promising delivery systems for genome editing strategies, highlighting their potential in biomedical applications.

This study found that using gallate-containing formulations like EGCG or tannic acid increased the solubility and controlled release of finasteride in microspheres, enhancing its dermal penetration in pig skin by 10 to 50 times compared to a control.

In this ex vivo and mouse model study, Tofacitinib-loaded nanoparticles demonstrated enhanced delivery of the drug into hair follicles and reduced inflammatory effects compared to conventional forms, indicating potential for safer, topical use in treating alopecia areata.

This review discusses natural remedies and nanoparticle formulations for alopecia management and reports no new clinical results, emphasizing potential benefits of herbal treatments over synthetic therapies.

In this study, a newly developed nanoparticle-loaded hydrogel wound dressing demonstrated significant antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and proangiogenic activities, effectively reducing pain and promoting healing in a murine burn wound model while preventing infection by *Staphylococcus aureus*.

This chapter reviews the role of nanoparticles in wound healing, exploring current therapies, developments, and future directions, but reports no new clinical results.

This review describes recent advances in using nanoparticles for drug delivery to hair follicles, with potential applications in treating skin diseases such as alopecia and acne, but reports no new findings.

This study found that nanoemulsions incorporating skin penetration enhancers significantly increased the permeation of minoxidil through human skin compared to aqueous control solutions.

This study found that coating liquid crystalline nanoparticles with chitosan significantly enhanced the skin permeation of 5α-reductase inhibitors, suggesting a promising strategy for improving topical delivery in androgenetic alopecia treatment.

This study found that cefazolin-loaded silica nanoparticles embedded in polycaprolactone nanofibers successfully inhibited Staphylococcus aureus growth while maintaining stem cell viability, suggesting their potential use in wound healing.

This study concluded that a liquid serum formulation delivered two fluorescent dyes to deeper follicular regions more effectively than nanoparticle systems.

This study found that 50-nm PLGA nanoparticles delivered with iontophoresis enhanced skin permeation of indomethacin in rats more effectively than 100-nm nanoparticles, suggesting improved targeting of hair follicles.

This study found that nanoparticles did not permeate intact rat skin but could penetrate skin that had been artificially punctured, primarily through grooves or hair follicles.

This review examines the potential of apigenin and ellagic acid as adjunct or alternative treatments for PCOS, but reports no new clinical results and highlights the need for further trials to confirm their efficacy and optimize dosing and delivery.

This study found that polymeric nanoparticles may effectively deliver finasteride topically to hair follicles, potentially improving alopecia treatment with fewer side effects than oral forms.

This study found that curcumin spanlastics demonstrated greater antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line compared to curcumin alone or curcumin nanocrystals, also affecting several cancer-related protein markers and showing enhanced solubility and activity.

Nanoparticles can be used to deliver drugs to hair follicles, potentially improving treatments for conditions like acne and alopecia, and could also be used for vaccine delivery and gene therapy.

This study found that HAMA hydrogels promote faster healing of skin wounds in mice by enhancing the accumulation of anti-inflammatory macrophages and increasing type III collagen in the local wound environment.

This study developed a rapid and accurate spectrophotometric method using diazotized sulfanilic acid to measure minoxidil in both pharmaceutical formulations and pure form, demonstrating high precision and linearity within a concentration range of 5-40 μg/ml.

This study found that polymeric nanoparticles retained more minoxidil and facilitated superior drug permeation compared to lipid nanoparticles, although premature drug release affected formulation performance.

This review explores the role of nanotechnology in wound healing, highlighting its potential through antimicrobial properties, selective inflammatory action, angiogenesis promotion, and its use in drug and gene delivery.

This review highlights the potential of inorganic nanoparticle-based scaffolds as innovative tools for advanced wound care, emphasizing their ability to provide antimicrobial action and regenerative support, while also discussing fabrication strategies and challenges in optimizing their clinical application.