183 citations,
March 1982 in “JAMA” Spironolactone is a safe and effective treatment for reducing excessive hair growth in women.
14 citations,
May 2021 in “Marine Drugs” PDRN, derived from salmon sperm, shows promise in healing wounds, reducing inflammation, and regenerating tissues, but more research is needed to understand its mechanisms and improve its use.
January 2024 in “Authorea (Authorea)” STK11 gene polymorphism does not predict metformin response in PCOS.
19 citations,
August 2016 in “Health and Quality of Life Outcomes” Metformin helped improve the quality of life for Chinese women with PCOS, especially in physical health and symptoms like infertility, acne, and hair loss.
November 2024 in “Frontiers in Medicine” Cirrhosis affects quality of life with various symptoms, requiring a holistic, multidisciplinary approach for management.
21 citations,
June 2016 in “Reproductive Sciences” Women with PCOS, especially those overweight, have higher levels of IL-18 in their endometrium, which may affect fertility.
6 citations,
July 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” PSA levels are higher in women with PCOS, but FAI is a more accurate marker for diagnosis.
January 2024 in “Endocrine and metabolic science” Different types of PCOS need specific diagnosis methods and treatments.
1 citations,
August 2023 in “Curēus” Metformin helps reduce PCOS-related infertility by improving insulin sensitivity and inducing ovulation.
13 citations,
September 2011 in “American Journal of Clinical Dermatology” The oral contraceptive ethinylestradiol/chlormadinone acetate is effective in reducing acne and improving other skin conditions related to high androgen levels.
18 citations,
March 2020 in “Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology” The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.
4 citations,
January 2010 in “Acta dermato-venereologica” Low androgen levels can still cause female pattern hair loss.
97 citations,
July 2006 in “Dermatologic therapy” The document concludes that accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment are important for skin problems in women with PCOS.
June 2022 in “Biomedical reports” STK11 gene variations do not predict how well metformin will work for PCOS, but may affect hair loss and excess hair growth.
February 2025 in “Drug Testing and Analysis” All samples tested negative for banned substances, ensuring competition integrity.
53 citations,
January 2011 in “Diabetes” People with PCNT mutations often develop severe insulin resistance and early-onset diabetes during childhood or adolescence.
31 citations,
September 2006 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Testosterone therapy may slightly improve sexual function in postmenopausal women, but its long-term safety is unknown.
May 2024 in “Scientific Reports” Androgen receptors in the mouse brain may explain cognitive and mood changes in prostate cancer treatment.
8 citations,
July 2018 in “Current Sexual Health Reports” Finasteride can cause lasting sexual dysfunction, depression, and other side effects, needing more research for treatment.
6 citations,
April 2016 in “Journal of the Formosan Medical Association” Metformin improved insulin resistance and BMI in overweight Taiwanese women with PCOS, and a 2-hour insulin test may be a good screening tool.
45 citations,
May 2018 in “Stem Cell Research & Therapy” Using patients' own fat-derived cells to treat alopecia areata significantly improved hair growth and was safe.
January 2024 in “Journal of surgical case reports” Removing an adrenal tumor can significantly reduce high androgen levels in postmenopausal women.
34 citations,
February 2016 in “Fertility and Sterility” More PDCD4 is linked to obesity, insulin problems, and cell death in ovaries for those with polycystic ovary syndrome.
12 citations,
March 2015 in “Pediatric Dermatology” Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in young people is important to prevent long-term health problems.
5 citations,
January 2001 in “Advances in protein chemistry” 5α-reductase inhibitors help treat disorders caused by DHT and have potential for future therapies.
50 citations,
January 2016 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain microRNAs in the fluid around eggs are linked to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and may help diagnose it.
59 citations,
November 2018 in “Psychoneuroendocrinology” Lower levels of certain brain chemicals are linked to worse PTSD symptoms in men.
January 2019 in “Springer eBooks” Acne is linked to inflammation and insulin resistance, and is associated with various syndromes that require different treatments.
October 2023 in “Frontiers in endocrinology” Effective PCOS treatments require targeting specific signaling pathways.
1 citations,
October 2022 in “Journal of food and nutrition research” Cinnamon may help manage obesity and improve conditions related to Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).