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This special issue reviews current challenges and innovative solutions for enhancing the penetration of topical formulations for human skin, reporting no new results.

This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers with clobetasol propionate significantly enhance follicular drug delivery compared to commercial cream, and manual massage further doubles follicular retention.

This study established a stable formulation for caffeine nanocrystals in specific solvent mixtures, which could be used to test their potential for enhanced hair follicle targeting and penetration.

This study investigated the effects of wool-derived hydrolysed keratin peptides on relaxed textured hair and found that mid- and high-molecular weight peptides improved mechanical strength and reduced breakage in different humidity conditions.

This study suggests that gel containing OSF3 loaded in niosomes offers high transfollicular penetration for topical anti-androgenic alopecia treatment with minimal systemic effect.

This review discusses iontophoresis, low-frequency ultrasound, and microneedles for enhancing topical drug delivery in dermatological treatments and reports no clinical results; it emphasizes their mechanisms and potential uses.

This review highlights that the combination of ultrasound and microneedles can enhance transdermal drug delivery by using physical and energy-driven mechanisms to improve drug penetration into deeper skin layers, with implications for precision medicine and chronic disease treatments.

This study aimed to enhance the skin penetration of brown algae fucoidan using a Nanostructured Lipid Carrier, achieving a formulation with good physical quality and stability.

In this quasi-experimental study, researchers explored the optimal formulation of a nanoemulsion containing candlenut ethanol extract, finding that specific combinations of tween 80, span 80, and sonication time affected its physical properties and stability, although further activity testing is needed.

This review discusses various nanoparticles and nanoemulsions being investigated for transdermal drug delivery and reports no clinical results; it highlights potential applications in treating alopecia, wound healing, psoriasis, and melanoma.

This review discusses the potential of nanocarriers to enhance transdermal drug delivery and the combination of these carriers with physical methods, but it reports no new experimental results.

This study developed a novel antidandruff shampoo with ketoconazole-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles that showed enhanced antifungal activity against Malassezia furfur compared to standard ketoconazole treatments, suggesting it could be a more effective alternative for dandruff management.

In this study, researchers tested various nanocarrier characteristics and found they could enhance drug delivery to specific skin areas and immune cells, potentially improving treatments for skin conditions by targeting drugs effectively.

This review article highlights recent advances in microneedle technology for wound healing and tissue regeneration, discussing various cargo types, structural designs, and fabrication methods, and suggesting guidelines for designing microneedle systems tailored to specific applications.

This article reviews advanced strategies for enhancing drug delivery to cutaneous stem cells to improve treatment for skin conditions and reports no new experimental findings.

This review discusses the use of lipid nanoparticles for topical and transdermal delivery of pharmaceuticals and cosmeceuticals and reports no new clinical results.

This review discusses the potential of extracellular vesicles for facial aesthetic applications, including scar reduction and skin rejuvenation, but reports no new clinical results; further research into production and mechanisms is needed.

This study found that nobiletin-loaded vesicles effectively restored skin condition in a mouse model of skin cancer, suggesting they are a promising treatment delivery system.

This study found that the penetration enhancer SEPA™ significantly increased both the speed and amount of hair growth from minoxidil in balding stumptail macaques compared to Rogaine®.

This study found that short durations of heat and specific chemical penetration enhancers significantly improved the delivery of finasteride to human scalp skin and hair follicles.

This study found that nanoemulsion formulations with oleic acid or eucalyptol significantly enhanced the delivery and retention of caffeine through hair follicles and surrounding skin regions.

PEVs effectively deliver minoxidil through skin.

This study found that nanostructured lipid carriers provided better skin-targeted delivery and drug loading for lidocaine than nanoethosomes, indicating improved local anesthetic efficacy in vitro.

This study found that finasteride- and dutasteride-loaded iron oxide nanoparticles improved drug penetration in the skin, suggesting they may be promising for topical alopecia therapies.

This article reviews the development and challenges of skin penetration enhancers, highlighting their limitations in compatibility and safety, and reports no new clinical findings.

Invasomes effectively deliver drugs through the skin and have potential for improved treatments.

This review explores the use of skin penetration enhancers like Transcutol® in various formulation systems, discussing their mechanisms and effectiveness in improving transdermal drug delivery without breaching the skin.

This study found that using short durations of heat with chemical penetration enhancers improved isotretinoin delivery to human skin, especially via the hair follicles.

This review discusses recent advances in skin penetration mechanisms, specifically focusing on the enhanced understanding of the follicular pathway and its implications for transdermal therapies, immune system targeting, and nanoparticle safety.

This study found that Transcutol P significantly enhanced the skin penetration of Finasteride in vitro, while cationic and anionic surfactants did not show such effects.