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The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

The conclusion is that managing androgen excess requires long-term treatment, including hormonal contraceptives and androgen blockers, with follow-up after six months.

Environmental factors, hormones, nutrition, and stress all significantly affect skin health and aging.

New treatments for male hypogonadism are effective and should be personalized.

Platelet-rich plasma may help in skin and hair treatments, and with muscle and joint healing, but more research is needed to fully understand its benefits and limitations.

The document concludes that early recognition and treatment of PCOS in adolescents is crucial for managing symptoms and long-term health risks.

Pregnancy causes skin changes like darkening, hair thickening, nail changes, and increased risk of skin growths, most of which usually resolve after birth.

PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.

People with diabetes or obesity should manage their conditions carefully as they have a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

The document concludes that alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease without a definitive cure, but treatments like corticosteroids are commonly used.

The document concludes that there are no effective clinical treatments for hearing loss due to hair cell damage, but research is ongoing.

PRP injections may be a safe, effective alternative for hair loss treatment compared to minoxidil and finasteride.

Scalp cooling can prevent chemotherapy-induced hair loss, and certain treatments can speed up hair regrowth, but more research is needed for better treatments.

Women with excess body hair feel psychological distress influenced by societal beauty standards, but distress isn't directly linked to the amount of hair.

The topical inhibitor CUR61414 was not effective in treating basal cell carcinoma in human trials.

Scalp cooling can reduce chemotherapy-induced hair loss and should be available in all hospitals.

The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.

Hair usually grows back 1-3 months after treatment for anagen effluvium, and children with Loose Anagen Hair Syndrome often improve by adolescence.

Small white dots on the scalp seen with a dermoscope correspond to sweat ducts and vary with different hair disorders.

There are still challenges in diagnosing and treating chronic skin diseases, but there is hope for future improvements.

Lower levels of certain brain chemicals are linked to worse PTSD symptoms in men.

SHBG may be a useful early indicator and treatment target for PCOS.

5α-reductase inhibitors increase the risk of sexual dysfunction, especially in men with enlarged prostate.

MicroRNAs are crucial for controlling skin development and healing by regulating genes.

Metformin and rosiglitazone improve blood vessel function in women with PCOS, with metformin also reducing insulin resistance and testosterone levels.

Drugs targeting the JAK/STAT pathway can improve atopic dermatitis but vary in effectiveness for vitiligo and alopecia areata, with generally mild safety concerns.

Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.

Cannabinoids may help treat chronic and chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.

Botox increased hair count in men with baldness and might work by improving scalp blood flow.

Insulin resistance linked to obesity may increase COVID-19 severity.