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This study found that in vivo bioluminescence can track Smad2/3-dependent TGF-β signaling during the wound healing process in mice, with signaling increasing after healing rather than immediately post-wounding.

This study observed that reduced activation of SMAD2/3 proteins in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma tissue compared to adjacent tissue may indicate a tumor suppressor role in disease progression.

This research found that kaempferol, a flavonoid from hair growth-promoting plants, significantly enhanced human dermal papilla cell proliferation and inhibited specific signaling pathways, outperforming minoxidil, with topical application in mice promoting hair growth and thickness, indicating potential as a natural hair loss treatment.

This study found that hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells improved liver function and pathology in a mouse model of liver cirrhosis, potentially by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad pathway and reducing hepatic stellate cell activation.

This review examines the roles of Smad-4 and Smad-7 in hair follicle differentiation and development through BMP signaling and TGFβ/Activin/BMP pathway inhibition but reports no new experimental results.

This study found significantly higher P-Smad2 levels in both lesional and nonlesional skin of organ transplant recipients, suggesting elevated TGF-β signaling might contribute to their increased cancer susceptibility.

In this study, researchers demonstrated that the Id2 gene acts as a direct target and effector of BMP signaling, playing a key role in maintaining quiescence in hair follicle stem cells in vivo.

This study found that overexpression of Smad7 in transgenic mice led to severe alterations in multiple epithelial tissues, resulting in early death after birth.

This study found that Punica granatum ethanolic leaf extract may alleviate skin fibrosis in rats by modulating inflammation-related pathways and reducing dermal alterations.

This study found that exosomes derived from human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells significantly promote cutaneous wound healing in rats by modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

In this study with mice, simultaneous inactivation of Smad4 and PTEN genes led to rapid development of invasive forestomach squamous cell carcinomas, mirroring human esophageal SCCs.

In this study, the deletion of Smad4 and PTEN genes in mice was associated with rapid and invasive squamous cell carcinoma formation in the forestomach, modeling human esophageal cancer progression.

This study found that knocking out STAT5 expression in specific mouse hair follicles after tamoxifen treatment initiated uniform hair growth, highlighting STAT5's role in regulating the hair growth cycle.

This study concluded that the 800-nm diode laser is effective in enhancing skin structure and collagen expression via the TGF-β/Smad pathway, suggesting potential for non-ablative rejuvenation.

In this study, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes significantly accelerated cutaneous wound healing in rats by modulating the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

The TGF-β family helps control how cells change and move, affecting skin, hair, and organ development.

In this study, TASP0382088 showed potent selective inhibition of the ALK5 receptor, significantly reducing Smad2 phosphorylation in mouse skin following topical application.

This study discovered that exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells can mitigate damage in dermal papilla cells by modulating the TGF-β1/SMAD2 signaling pathway through miRNAs miR-574-3p and miR-125a-5p, revealing potential therapeutic targets for androgenetic alopecia.

This study found that BMP-2 activates Dlx3 gene transcription in murine keratinocytes by binding with Smad1/Smad4, suggesting a mechanism for BMP signaling's role in skin and hair follicle regulation.

This review discusses the role of TGF-β signaling in stem cell recruitment and tissue regeneration, indicating that abnormalities in TGF-β activation contribute to various major diseases and suggesting avenues for therapeutic intervention.

In this study, CD109 overexpression in transgenic mice led to reduced inflammation and improved collagen organization during wound healing without affecting wound closure.

TP0427736 may help treat hair loss by blocking a specific protein and promoting hair growth.

This study found that dihydrotestosterone (DHT) may shorten the hair growth cycle through mechanisms like cell-cycle arrest and β-catenin downregulation in rat hair follicle cells.

In this study, researchers found that ginsenoside Re from Panax ginseng increased hair shaft length and duration in mice, comparable to minoxidil, by modulating TGF-β signaling pathways.

This study reviews evidence that in keloid development, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) drives fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis not only through the classical Smad-dependent pathway but also via equally important Smad-independent signaling cascades, suggesting these pathways as possible targets for more effective keloid therapies.

This study identified key genes and signaling pathways involved in cashmere goat hair follicle growth cycles, influenced by melatonin implantation, suggesting a basis for further research on melatonin's regulatory mechanism.

In this study, researchers found that microRNAs and specific target genes, such as MiR-195 and genes like CHP1, SMAD2, FZD6, and SIAH1, play significant roles in regulating hair follicle initiation in cashmere goats.

In this study, researchers found that the cell surface protein Lrig1 plays a crucial role in regulating the suppressive function of regulatory T cells, suggesting it as a potential target for treating autoimmune diseases, as evidenced by experiments in mouse models.

In this mouse study, researchers found that orally administered low-molecular-weight fish collagen peptides significantly improved hair regrowth by both enhancing growth-promoting pathways and reducing inhibitory mechanisms.

This study found that P311 triggers transdifferentiation of epidermal stem cells into myofibroblast-like cells via TGFβ1/Smad signaling during wound healing.