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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

PrEP for HIV is less effective in transgender women mainly due to low adherence to the treatment.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Experts recommend thorough medical, sexual, and psychosocial assessments for women's sexual dysfunctions, and suggest individualized treatment plans with regular check-ups. They also mention potential use of estrogen and androgen therapy, but with caution due to safety concerns.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Microneedles improve drug delivery in various body parts, are safe and painless, and show promise in cosmetology, vaccination, insulin delivery, and other medical applications.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

Stress can stop hair growth in mice, and treatments can reverse this effect.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

The conclusion is that the increasing use of drugs for lifestyle reasons is a complex issue influenced by corporate profit, consumer behavior, and the medicalization of everyday life, with potential negative effects on personal well-being.

Minoxidil and finasteride can slow hair loss and stimulate regrowth, but won't restore all lost hair or reverse complete baldness.

The document concludes that certain genetic mutations and dietary factors are involved in acne development, and treatments like isotretinoin and diet changes can help manage it.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway helps tissue regeneration but can also cause fibrosis, and drugs that inhibit this pathway may aid in healing skin and heart tissues.

Doxil showed some effectiveness against advanced prostate cancer but caused severe side effects at higher doses.

Costunolide may have multiple health benefits, including promoting hair growth and protecting against cancer and diabetes, but more research is needed.

People with diabetes or obesity should manage their conditions carefully as they have a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Advanced nanocarrier and microneedle drug delivery methods are more effective, safer, and less invasive for treating skin diseases.

β-Catenin signaling is involved in brain cell growth after injury and could be a therapy target.

The document concludes that there are no effective clinical treatments for hearing loss due to hair cell damage, but research is ongoing.

PRP injections may be a safe, effective alternative for hair loss treatment compared to minoxidil and finasteride.

Kennedy's disease leads to muscle weakness and sensory issues, has no cure but manageable symptoms, and future treatments look promising.

The review recommends hormone replacement therapy for women with premature ovarian insufficiency to manage symptoms and protect health, with specific approaches for different groups.

MicroRNAs are crucial for controlling skin development and healing by regulating genes.

Athletes use steroids to enhance performance despite health risks and legal issues, and education on their dangers is needed.

Finasteride can reduce fertility in some men, but stopping it increases sperm count.

The document explains different types of hair loss, their causes, and treatments, and suggests future research areas.

5α-reductase inhibitors and alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists together effectively treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, with long-term benefits.