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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Calreticulin has roles in healing, immune response, and disease beyond its known functions in the endoplasmic reticulum.

The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

Stem cell niches are crucial for regulating stem cell behavior and tissue health, and their decline can impact aging and cancer.

Lgr5 is a marker for active, self-renewing stem cells in the intestine and skin, important for tissue maintenance.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

Polysaccharides have many health benefits and are used in drugs, but isolating and purifying them is complex and requires careful methods.

The research found that different types of fibroblasts are involved in wound healing and that some blood cells can turn into fat cells during this process.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

The article suggests managing interferon beta therapy side effects in MS with dose adjustments, medications, and patient education.

Anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody therapy effectively treats psoriasiform skin lesions in IBD patients.

The document concludes that mouse models are helpful but have limitations for skin wound healing research, and suggests using larger animals and genetically modified mice for better human application.

Some drugs can cause rare but potentially deadly skin reactions, and early treatment and avoiding the drug again are key.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

The Rotterdam Study aims to understand disease causes in the elderly and has found new risk factors and genetic influences on various conditions.

Polymeric nanoparticles show promise for treating skin diseases.

The document concludes that insulin resistance is key in PCOS development and early treatment is crucial to prevent complications.

Growing human skin cells in a 3D environment can stimulate new hair growth.

Teriflunomide helps reduce multiple sclerosis symptoms and is safe for most patients.

Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.

Melatonin in the skin helps protect against damage from stress and UV rays, and could be used to treat certain skin conditions.

Insulin resistance is a key factor in polycystic ovary syndrome, but genetics may also contribute.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Stem cells are crucial for skin repair and new treatments for chronic wounds.

Androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer can cause sexual, physical, and psychological side effects, and doctors should manage these carefully.

The document concludes that understanding hair follicle biology can lead to better hair loss treatments.