49 citations,
August 2016 in “Aesthetic Surgery Journal” Micro-needling effectively improves wrinkles, scars, and hair growth, but proper technique and safety are important.
316 citations,
June 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.
19 citations,
December 2013 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Encapsulated Garcinia mangostana extract in cream penetrates skin better than other forms.
6 citations,
December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” CARB is a strong barrier in human hair that prevents dye penetration.
39 citations,
February 2014 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Massage increases how deep both rigid and flexible liposomes can go into skin, with flexible ones going deeper, and covering the skin (occlusion) helps rigid ones more.
September 2023 in “Biomedical Optics Express” New imaging techniques show testosterone delays hair growth and shrinks follicles in mice, but have limited depth for viewing.
59 citations,
July 2015 in “Journal of innovative optical health sciences/Journal of innovation in optical health science” Nanoparticles around 600-700 nm can effectively enter and stay in hair follicles for days, which may help in delivering drugs to specific cells.
4 citations,
March 2013 in “InTech eBooks” Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) is a useful tool for studying how drugs interact with skin and diagnosing skin disorders, despite some limitations.
1 citations,
August 2019 in “Journal of Dentistry Indonesia” A 645-nm diode laser effectively penetrates swine soft tissues, suggesting predictable therapeutic effects.
1 citations,
January 2017 in “Springer eBooks” Hair follicles are important for drug delivery through the skin, but better methods are needed to understand and improve this process.
94 citations,
September 2014 in “Therapeutic Delivery” Nanoparticles can improve skin treatments by better targeting hair follicles, but more research is needed for advancement.
55 citations,
June 2013 in “Dermatologic Surgery” Ablative fractional resurfacing could improve how well topical drugs penetrate the skin, but more research is needed to fine-tune the method.
62 citations,
November 2016 in “Nanoscale” Medium to larger nanogels effectively deliver drugs through hair follicles when heated.
43 citations,
November 2012 in “Pharmaceutical research” Fractional CO2 laser treatment significantly boosts drug and nanoparticle skin absorption, especially through hair follicles.
20 citations,
January 2015 in “Polish Journal of Pathology” Reflectance confocal microscopy is a useful, non-invasive tool for diagnosing some skin diseases, with potential for future improvements.
14 citations,
March 2020 in “Scientific Reports” Using dual-frequency ultrasound with microbubbles can potentially improve the delivery of hair growth treatment through the skin and enhance hair growth.
6 citations,
May 2022 in “Pharmaceutics” Zinc pyrithione dissolves quickly on the skin and in hair follicles, especially in smaller particles.
March 1997 in “The American Journal of Cosmetic Surgery” A new hair transplant method showed promising results and a study found how deep a CO₂ laser can penetrate skin.
July 2020 in “CRS 2020 Virtual Annual Meeting” Researchers developed a new skin patch that delivers more finasteride into the skin, potentially improving treatment for hair loss and prostate issues.
May 2023 in “Experimental Dermatology” RCM and OCT are effective for diagnosing and monitoring hair-related skin diseases but lack standardized protocols and need more research.
122 citations,
April 2011 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.
10 citations,
September 2020 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” Deeper microneedling boosts hair growth, with 0.6mm needles and minoxidil being most effective.
The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
54 citations,
October 2002 in “Journal of controlled release” Medium lipophilic substances penetrate skin best, and adding ethanol can increase delivery to hair follicles.
26 citations,
March 2014 in “International journal of pharmaceutics” Researchers created a skin treatment that could effectively deliver medication into hair follicles.
10 citations,
August 2015 in “Journal of biophotonics” Hair follicles help substances penetrate the skin faster and more effectively.
264 citations,
January 2008 in “Journal of biomedical optics” Zinc oxide nanoparticles in sunscreen do not penetrate deep into the skin.
21 citations,
December 2016 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Nano-sized lipid particles increase dexamethasone's skin penetration and create a reservoir in the skin layers.
96 citations,
April 2017 in “Oncotarget” Smaller nanoemulsions can penetrate skin and hair follicles better, which may be useful for delivering drugs and vaccines through the skin.
14 citations,
March 2019 in “European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics” Proretinal nanoparticles improve skin absorption and reduce irritation of topical retinoids.