9 citations
,
November 2012 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” MC4R gene variants not linked to female hair loss.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that oral spironolactone improved or maintained hair condition in females with scarring alopecia and female pattern hair loss, with 83% of patients tolerating the treatment well, despite some side effects like hyperkalemia and leg cramps.
January 2009 in “Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine” In this study, Yifa compound treatment significantly improved female pattern hair loss and reduced sera DHT and DHEA levels after six months.
November 2025 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Estetrol may help prevent hair loss and support hair growth in women.
June 2022 in “Journal of Dermatology Research” This study found that 448-kHz Capacitive-Resistive Electrothermal Therapy led to a significant increase in hair density in women with Female Pattern Hair Loss, likely due to stimulated proliferation of dermal papilla cells.
January 2014 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)” This review discusses various light and laser treatments for hair loss, highlighting potential benefits but emphasizes the need for more scientific evidence before recommendations can be made.
September 2023 in “Nature Communications” In this study, the researchers found that rare genetic variants make a minor contribution to male-pattern hair loss risk, identifying five significant gene associations, including novel genes, and noting a shared basis with monogenic hair loss disorders.
37 citations
,
February 2007 in “Experimental Dermatology” This study found that PDCD4 protein expression is reduced in various skin cancers compared to normal skin, suggesting its potential role in preventing or treating certain skin cancers.
February 2026 in “Frontiers in Medicine” This study found that fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution in Hispanic male patients often resembles androgenetic alopecia, with a tendency for earlier onset compared to European and North American populations.
50 citations
,
December 1998 in “Dermatologic Surgery” In this study, 42% of healthy men aged 18-49 showed moderate to extensive male pattern hair loss, with prevalence increasing significantly with age.
January 1998 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study found that 42% of healthy men aged 18-49 in a community setting experienced moderate to extensive male pattern hair loss.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study analyzed nail excision practices in the United States from 2012 to 2017, revealing that podiatrists performed 99% of these procedures, vastly outnumbering dermatologists, and showed a broad geographic distribution across the country.
22 citations
,
July 2003 in “PubMed” This study reported that finasteride 1 mg significantly improved hair growth in men aged 41 to 60 with predominantly vertex male pattern hair loss over 24 months compared to placebo.
1 citations
,
January 1998 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Male pattern hair loss affects about one-third of men aged 18-49 years in the United States.
September 2023 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study suggests that using the International Psoriasis Council's classification, which includes body surface area, special areas, and treatment history, may identify more candidates for systemic therapy than by body surface area alone.
January 2022 in “Figshare” Melatonin affects when and how certain genes work during the growth of goat hair follicles.
May 2023 in “Authorea (Authorea)” In this report, researchers documented a rare complication linked to levofloxacin, used as a second-line treatment for tuberculosis, which could include various adverse events during TB therapy.
40 citations
,
January 2013 in “Frontiers in Endocrinology” Finger length ratios are not linked to the number of specific gene repeats affecting testosterone sensitivity.
29 citations
,
October 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that four microRNAs, which were significantly upregulated in balding hair follicle papilla cells, could play a role in the development of male pattern baldness.
20 citations
,
September 2021 in “Nature communications” In this study, researchers identified a gene expression pre-pattern and implicated the Wnt inhibitor Dickkopf 4 in the formation of color patterns in domestic cat embryos.
13 citations
,
March 1997 in “Research in Veterinary Science/Research in veterinary science” This study found that epithelial keratin K 6 is associated with hyperkeratotic and ulcerated changes in the gastric pars oesophagea of pigs, suggesting epithelial proliferation plays a role in ulcer development.
8 citations
,
April 2016 in “Anais Brasileiros De Dermatologia” This study found that males with androgenetic alopecia had a significantly lower 2D:4D digit length ratio in the right hand compared to healthy controls, which may indicate prenatal androgen exposure.
6 citations
,
November 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” In this study, researchers found that the gene Dkk4 influences color pattern formation in domestic cat fetuses, and its mutation is linked to the Ticked pattern type.
May 2025 in “OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)” In this study, researchers used computational methods to identify six phytochemicals from nettle, saw palmetto, and fenugreek as effective binders to 5-alpha reductase, with Jamogenin showing enhanced stability when encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles.
October 2023 in “Dermatology practical & conceptual” In this review, the authors evaluated the potential of using the second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) as a predictor for androgenetic alopecia, suggesting future research directions but not reporting definitive results.
April 2012 in “The Journal of Urology” In this prospective cohort study, male pattern baldness was identified as an independent predictor of prostate cancer, while the 2D:4D finger ratio was not associated with the cancer risk.
November 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review discusses the latest findings presented at the 4th Intercontinental Meeting of Hair Research Societies, covering advances in hair follicle biology, genetic bases for hair disorders, and potential new therapeutic approaches, but it reports no original study results.
April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report described a 39-year-old male with 47XXY/46XX mosaic Klinefelter syndrome who presented with common features of the condition and male pattern baldness seen in his family.
10 citations
,
January 2008 in “Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin” This study found that trans-3,4'-Dimethyl-3-hydroxyflavanone reduces active TGF-beta2 levels in human keratinocytes, suggesting it may enhance hair growth by suppressing the TGF-beta2 activation pathway.
25 citations
,
June 2002 in “Steroids” This study examined 4-azasteroids using 13C-NMR spectroscopy, detailing the NMR spectrum assignments and reporting a new molecular complex of finasteride with dioxane.