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The document concludes that understanding nail anatomy is key for diagnosing nail diseases, early signs of nail melanoma may allow for less aggressive treatment, and specific genetic mutations are important in thyroid cancer prognosis and treatment.

Non-scarring hair loss can be diagnosed with two 4mm punch biopsies, one cut vertically and the other transversely.

New treatments for acne scars are safer and more effective because we understand the causes better.

RET mutation is important in familial medullary thyroid carcinoma, and BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid carcinoma is linked to more aggressive cancer and higher death rates.

Neurosteroids change how GABA_A receptors work in the brain, which could be important for treating temporal lobe epilepsy.

AiQingHua oil improves blood flow and promotes hair growth in mice.

Pregnancy can cause various skin changes and diseases, with PUPPP being the most common skin condition specific to pregnancy.

COVID-19 patients often have skin issues like chilblain-like lesions and rashes, which can help in early diagnosis and sometimes indicate severe illness.

Premature greying of hair affects the social lives of medical students but not their self-esteem.

Oral lichen planus is a chronic disease causing mouth discomfort and sometimes needs immunosuppressive treatment.

Combining mometasone furoate cream with adapalene gel is safer and more effective for hair regrowth in alopecia areata than using the cream alone.

SIRT3 and SIRT7 genes may play a role in hair loss.

Minoxidil lowers blood pressure effectively but may cause unwanted hair growth and other side effects.

Some people developed alopecia areata after COVID-19 vaccination, but it's not caused by the vaccine and most improved with treatment.

Key genes and pathways involved in thyroid eye disease were identified, aiding potential treatment and diagnosis.

Women with greater androgen sensitivity respond better to finasteride for hair loss.

CCCA is a scarring hair loss condition mainly in African descent women, possibly caused by genetics and hairstyling, treated with gentle hair care and medications.

The supplement improved hair density and was safe to use.

A mother's iron levels early in pregnancy can influence the DNA makeup of her child, potentially affecting the child's health.

Trichoscopy is a useful method for identifying primary cicatricial alopecias and their specific types.

An 8-year-old boy's early puberty was caused by a rare hormone-secreting brain tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.

Combination therapy with steroids and pimecrolimus improved or stabilized hair loss in most patients with Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia, who also had a high rate of hypothyroidism.

Opioid use may lower PSA levels, suggesting a possible role in prostate cancer control; PSA testing is useful for detecting prostate cancer; serum triglycerides are not linked to prostate cancer risk; and higher urethral PSA levels may be associated with local hormone activity.

Male pattern baldness is often genetic and linked to a hormone, with treatments like finasteride and minoxidil being effective for some men.

The document does not confirm if radical prostatectomy is the best treatment for locally advanced prostate cancer.

Some people with pattern hair loss may also have scalp inflammation and scarring similar to lichen planopilaris.

Accurate diagnosis and aggressive treatment are crucial to prevent permanent hair loss in cicatricial alopecia.

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome is a rare, non-inherited condition causing various symptoms like polyps, hair loss, and weight loss.

The document concludes that more research is needed to better understand and treat scarring hair loss conditions.

Hidden fungal infections might cause heart disease and clogged arteries.