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Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Finasteride for hair loss can cause long-lasting sexual side effects like low libido and erectile dysfunction.

Stem cell niches support, regulate, and coordinate stem cell functions.

Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.

Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Tight junctions are key for skin protection and controlling what gets absorbed or passes through the skin.

TGF-β is crucial for controlling stem cell behavior and changes in its signaling can lead to diseases like cancer.

Methotrexate treats various disorders by inhibiting DNA synthesis, but careful monitoring is needed to avoid toxicity and manage side effects.

New research suggests that skin cell renewal may not require a special type of cell previously thought to be essential.

Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease causing patchy hair loss, often with other autoimmune disorders, but its exact causes are unknown.

Postpartum depression is linked to changes in brain chemicals, inflammation, stress, and certain genes, and can potentially be identified by markers like specific steroids, serotonin levels, and vitamin D levels.

Vitamin D is important for skin health and may affect conditions like psoriasis and hair loss, but more research is needed to understand its role fully.

Eating less sugar, milk, and saturated fats and more vegetables and fish may help treat and prevent acne.

PRP treatment improves hair growth, and the device used can affect results, with some being more effective.

Exosomes could potentially enhance tissue repair and regeneration with lower rejection risk and easier production than live cell therapies.

Microneedles help improve skin appearance and deliver skin treatments effectively, but safety concerns need more research and regulation.

The conclusion is that the risk of losing significance in meta-analysis results increases with smaller effects and more missing data, and using the median standard deviation for imputation is recommended.

Substances from Chinese medicines show promise for immune support and disease prevention, but the way they are processed affects their effectiveness.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

The document concludes that while significant progress has been made in understanding skin biology and stem cells, more research is needed to fully understand their interactions with their environment.

The hydrogel with a 1:3 ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose to hyaluronic acid is effective for delivering drugs through the skin to treat acne.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a big role in acne, but most acne sufferers don't have a hormone disorder. Hormonal treatments, including birth control pills, can be very effective for women whose acne doesn't improve with regular treatments.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.

New topical antifungals and delivery systems are improving treatment for fungal skin infections, but patient education and prevention are key.

Choosing the right model order in brain connectivity analysis can affect the detection of differences between healthy individuals and those with seasonal affective disorder.

ICG-enhanced NIR laser therapy may be a promising acne treatment with improvement and no side effects.

We need more research to better understand human hair follicle stem cells for improved treatments for hair loss and skin cancer.

Pure carbon nanotubes are safe for mice, but impure ones cause immune issues and hair loss.