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The document explains how the male reproductive system works, its role in making testosterone, and how conditions like obesity can disrupt it, leading to low testosterone and fertility issues.

The normal human prostate does not significantly affect blood DHT levels.

Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.

The conclusion is that young women with excessive hair growth should be quickly tested for hormonal issues and treated to improve their social well-being.

Androgen treatment with dihydrotestosterone may help maintain height in patients with 5-α-reductase type 2 deficiency, especially before puberty.

A genetic test can identify people at risk of male pattern baldness early, allowing for quicker treatment.

Primary care is key in managing PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes and medications like birth control and metformin.

Understanding how DHT works is important for diagnosing and treating hormone-related disorders.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

Genetics and hormones play a role in male and female hair loss, but more research is needed to fully understand it.

Dihydrotestosterone affects hair growth by changing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, with low levels helping and high levels hindering growth.

Diagnosing sex development disorders requires combining medical history, physical exams, imaging, lab tests, and genetic data.

Genetic mutations can affect female sexual development, requiring personalized medical care.

The document concludes that accurate diagnosis of male and female gonadal disorders is crucial for effective treatment and better patient outcomes.

Erectile dysfunction is increasingly common in men under 40, with many physical and psychological causes, and various treatment options available.

Most youth with gender dysphoria received hormones, had minor complications, and showed a decrease in suicide attempts after treatment.

The document does not determine if adults with aphallia are fertile.

A 19-year-old male with delayed puberty was successfully treated for a condition that prevents normal hormone production.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Two new mutations in the AR gene linked to severe androgen insensitivity were found.

A new genetic change causing early stop in the androgen receptor gene was found in a patient with androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Mutations in certain receptors can cause diseases and offer new treatment options.

The 18-year-old girl likely has a condition called müllerian agenesis, which caused her to not have a uterus and experience no menstrual periods.

Estrogen and prolactin may play bigger roles in female hair loss than previously thought.

Flibanserin's effectiveness for low sexual desire in premenopausal women may vary based on hormone levels, with normal hormone levels showing better responses.

We need better ways to test and understand SARMs to make safer and more effective treatments.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

E211 G>A gene linked to lower risk of severe prostate cancer and hair loss.