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Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) have lower levels of a substance called DIAPH1 in their blood, which is linked to changes in sugar metabolism and insulin resistance.

Keratin is crucial for keeping skin cells healthy and its changes can lead to diseases and affect cell behavior.

Testosterone helps human pancreatic cells increase insulin release.

Calcium is important for stem cell function and maintenance, especially in blood and skin cells.

Runx1 controls fat-related genes important for normal and cancer cell growth, affecting skin and hair cell behavior.

Intermediate filaments are crucial for cell differentiation and stem cell function.

RANK is a key target in breast cancer treatment due to its role in tumor growth and bone metastasis.

Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells are important for immunity and tolerance, affect hair growth and wound healing, and their dysfunction can contribute to obesity-related diseases and other health issues.

The conclusion is that understanding how hair follicle stem cells live or die is important for maintaining healthy tissue and repairing injuries, and could help treat hair loss, but there are still challenges to overcome.

Dermal stem cells help regenerate hair follicles and heal skin wounds.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

Exosomes from dermal papilla cells help hair growth by making hair follicle stem cells multiply and change.

Skin aging is due to impaired stem cell mobilization or fewer responsive stem cells.

Androgens and androgen receptors are important for metabolic health, affecting how the body uses glucose and fats through mitochondrial function.

Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Skin tumor regression is helped by retinoic acid signaling blocking Wnt signaling.

Sorafenib helps some advanced cancers alone or with other treatments, but not all, and research continues to improve its use.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Tissue-derived extracellular vesicles are crucial for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Abnormal Hedgehog signaling in blood cancers may help tumors grow and resist chemotherapy, suggesting potential for targeted treatments.

Red ginseng may improve immunity, fatigue, memory, blood circulation, and menopausal symptoms, and is generally safe to consume.

Wnt signaling may be linked to heart diseases in aging and could be a target for future treatments.

Some cancer and immune system drugs can cause serious side effects, including heart, lung, nerve, and organ damage, which need careful monitoring and management.

Treg cell-based therapies might help treat hair loss from alopecia areata, but more research is needed to confirm safety and effectiveness.

Human dental pulp stem cell-conditioned medium, especially from hypoxic conditions, may help treat chemotherapy-induced hair loss and does not increase cancer risk.

Stem cell therapy is promising for treating various health conditions, but more research is needed to understand its full potential and address challenges.

The review concludes that innovations in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and developmental biology are essential for effective tissue repair and organ transplants.