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Male hormones and their receptors play a key role in hair loss and skin health, with potential new treatments being explored.

Clascoterone is a new, effective, and safe acne treatment without systemic side effects.

Obesity is a major risk factor for insulin resistance in Taiwanese women with PCOS, which is also an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) stops hair growth in mice by lowering a growth factor important for hair.

Finasteride reduces testosterone conversion, progesterone lessens this, and levamisole enhances finasteride's effect.

Triptorelin helps evaluate hormone production in Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.

Non-classical 21 hydroxylase deficiency is an underdiagnosed cause of female hair loss and polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Early adrenal gland maturation in young children can be normal, but other serious conditions should be ruled out first.

The document concludes that treatments for female hair loss and excessive hair growth are temporary and not well-studied.

Certain HSD3B1 gene types are linked to worse prostate cancer outcomes and affect treatment response and other health conditions.

Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.

PCOS may increase the risk of certain cancers.

PCOS is a common condition in women that can lead to infertility and other health issues, and it's diagnosed by specific criteria with various treatment options available.

Hormones might affect the skin condition hidradenitis suppurativa, but their exact role is unclear.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Amenorrhea is relatively rare and initial testing should check FSH, TSH, and prolactin levels.

The document concludes that managing female hyperandrogenism requires a combination of identifying the cause, lifestyle changes, medication, and cosmetic treatments.

Eating dairy and high glycemic foods may increase the risk of acne.

Different types of polycystic ovary syndrome show varying levels of insulin resistance, with the 'PHO' type being the most insulin resistant.

Thyroid hormones and androgens affect gene expression in frog reproductive organs differently between males and females.

Metformin can help diagnose and treat high testosterone levels in women, often due to insulin resistance rather than a tumor.

Sex hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in causing acne.

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, often involving menstrual issues and increased diabetes risk, managed through lifestyle changes and targeted treatments.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Metformin lowers prolactin in women without PCOS but not in those with PCOS, where it reduces other hormones instead.

The document concludes that sex hormones are crucial for mammalian reproduction, health, and behavior, and require more research for therapeutic use.

For women with moderate to severe unwanted hair growth or acne, birth control pills are the first choice, with other medications like cyproterone, spironolactone, flutamide, or finasteride as alternatives, and permanent hair removal should be done with electrolysis or laser.

Chinese women with PCOS have higher androgen levels, which change with age and weight.

Ayurvedic treatment can effectively manage PCOS and its symptoms.